Shear-thickening behavior and shear-induced pattern formation have been observed in semidilute starch solutions. While the shear-thickening behavior is due to breaking up of highly concentrated gel-like structures dispersed in dilute starch solutions, the pattern-forming behavior is not well understood. The pattern formation, observed when the starch solution is exposed to a high shear field, i...

BACKGROUND This study describes a new method for determining site-specific vascular shear stress using dynamic measures of shear rate and blood viscosity (BV) in the carotid arteries, and examines characteristics of carotid arterial shear stress among patients with lacunar infarction. METHODS Vascular shear stress measurements were conducted in 37 patients (17 lacunar infarction patients and ...

We study the dependence of viscosity of ethanol on shear rate using constant volume and constant pressure nonequilibrium molecular dynamics simulations, with the emphasis of the interrelationship between breaking, stability, and alignment of hydrogen bonds and shear thinning at high shear rates. We find that although the majority of hydrogen bond breakings occur at low shear rates, we do not ob...

In this study, non-linear behavior of diagonally stiffened steel plate shear walls as a seismic resisting system has been investigated, and theoretical formulas for estimating shear strength capacity of the system have been proposed. Several validated analytical finite element models of steel shear walls with various stiffener dimensions are generated to verify and compare the analytical and th...

Bending analyses of isotropic, functionally graded, laminated composite, and sandwich beams are carried out using a quasi-3D polynomial shear and normal deformation theory. The most important feature of the proposed theory is that it considers the effects of transverse shear and transverse normal deformations. It accounts for parabolic variations in the strain/stress produced by transverse shea...

background: the aim of this study was to compare the shear bond strength of four one-step self-etch adhesives with different ph values to enamel and dentin. materials and methods: in this in vitro study, 200 bovine permanent mandibular incisors were used. four one-step self-etch adhesives with different ph values were tested both on enamel and on dentin: adper™ easy bond self-etch adhesive (ph ...

A novel shear thickening suspoemulsion is formulated and studied with a new rheo-microscope instrument. The experimental fluid system is comprised of a immiscible blend of Newtonian, low molecular weight poly(dimethylsiloxane) and a shear thickening suspension of colloidal silica in poly(ethylene glycol). The blend is studied as a function of composition where phase inversion is evident at low ...

BACKGROUND Atherosclerotic lesions are predominantly observed in curved arteries and near side branches, where low or oscillatory shear stress patterns occur, suggesting a causal connection. However, the effect of shear stress on plaque vulnerability is unknown because the lack of an appropriate in vivo model precludes cause-effect studies. METHODS AND RESULTS We developed a perivascular shea...

Fluid shear stress alters the morphology and function of the endothelium by activating several kinases. Furthermore, shear stress potently inhibits apoptosis of endothelial cells. Since activation of Akt kinase has been shown to prevent cell death, we investigated the effects of shear stress on Akt phosphorylation. To test the hypothesis that shear stress interacts with the Akt kinase pathway, ...

This paper presents an experimental investigation to clarify shear cracking behavior of reinforced concrete beams. The effects of the various influential parameters on the spacing between shear cracks and the relationship between shear crack width and stirrup strain at the intersection with shear cracks were carefully investigated. It was found that shear crack width proportionally increases wi...