A total of 360 male Ross 308 broiler chickens were used in a feeding study to assess the influence of macronutrients and energy density on feed intakes from 10 to 31 days post-hatch. The study comprised ten dietary treatments from five dietary combinations and two feeding approaches: sequential and choice feeding. The study included eight experimental diets and each dietary combination was made...

background: medicinal plant extracts such as those obtained from salvia species have a wide variety of chemical compounds in their essential oils. the repellency of a number of essential oils including those from the labiates like salvia against several insect species including the common house flies is reported. objective: the aim of this investigation was to find out the excito-repellency eff...

The postprandial event known as the specific dynamic action is an evolutionarily conserved physiological set of metabolic responses to feeding. Its behavioral counterpart, a sequence of drinking, maintenance (e.g., grooming) and sleep-like behaviors known as the behavioral satiety sequence (BSS), has been thoroughly described in rodents and has enabled the refined evaluation of potential appeti...

Different strategies for Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) culture in ponds with a series of progressive inputs were compared. The sequential experimental stages to increase fish production through intensification were: 1) triple superphosphate (TSP) only; 2) chicken manure only; 3) chicken manure supplemented with urea or urea and TSP; 4) urea and TSP; 5) continually supplemental feeding; 6...

The anatomy of the buccal mass and the function of nine principal muscle groups involved in the feeding movements, are described for the mollusc Tritonia hombergi. Anatomical and physiological studies on some 40 neurones along the posterior border of the buccal ganglia indicates that many are primary motoneurones to the muscles of the buccal mass. The feeding cycle may be divided into three pha...

Here, we show that the enzymatic cofactor tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) inhibits feeding in Drosophila. BH4 biosynthesis requires the sequential action of the conserved enzymes Punch, Purple, and Sepiapterin Reductase (Sptr). Although we observe increased feeding upon loss of Punch and Purple in the adult fat body, loss of Sptr must occur in the brain. We found Sptr expression is required in four a...

Feeding is the most important cost in the production of growing pigs and has a direct impact on the marketing decisions, growth and the final quality of the meat. In this paper, we address the sequential decision problem of when to change the feed-mix within a finisher pig pen and when to pick pigs for marketing. We formulate a hierarchical Markov decision process with three levels representing...

Recently, there has been an outburst of interest in extending topographic maps of vectorial data to more general data structures, such as sequences or trees. The representational capabilities and internal representations of the models are not well understood. We concentrate on a generalization of the Self-Organizing Map (SOM) for processing sequential data – the Recursive SOM (RecSOM [1]). We a...