RA (rheumatoid arthritis) is a chronic multisystem disease with a variety of systemic manifestations. One of these manifestations, is hearing disorder, so study of the relation between RA and hearing disorders is seem important. This was a case-control study which has done from December 2004 to August 2006. This study compared 50 patients with RA, with age, sex and job-matched as control. Audio...

Hearing loss has been the most prevalent sensory disability throughout the world. In Malaysia, National and Hearing Disorder Survey has reported that the prevalence of hearing disorder is about 17.14% with an estimated population of 28.8 million and 1.5% newborns have the onset of hearing impairment. A conventional hearing screening test’s applicability is limited as it requires a feedback resp...

The brain possesses a remarkable capacity to compensate for changes in inputs resulting from a range of sensory impairments. Developmental studies of sound localization have shown that adaptation to asymmetric hearing loss can be achieved either by reinterpreting altered spatial cues or by relying more on those cues that remain intact. Adaptation to monaural deprivation in adulthood is also pos...

Introduction: Mitochondrial encephalopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) can involve multiple systems and cause stroke-like episodes and status epilepticus. Case Presentation: A 48-year-old female with history of early fatigability, migraine-type headaches, and bilateral sensory-neural hearing loss presented 3 episodes of serial seizures. On admission she was affected by W...

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a lifelong disease of the brain and spinal cord. Fingolimod is an oral drug which modulates the S1P receptor and is used for relapsing remitting form of MS and can causes rebound activity if it is ceased even in a short period of washout time.   Case Report: Here, we introduce a young girl, a known case of MS, who developed revers...

Several conditions fit this description, the mode of transmission being X-linked, autosomal dominant or recessive. The hearing loss is usually progressive and can be conductive, sensory or neural. In addition, some of the progressive inherited hearing losses of childhood may not develop auditory difficulties until adult life, although they should have been diagnosed in childhood (see Volume 6)....