Behavioral sensitization caused by repeated and intermittent administration of psychostimulants, such as cocaine and D-amphetamine, is accompanied by enhanced function in limbic-motor circuitry that is involved in the generation of motivated behavior. The present microdialysis study investigated the effect of D-amphetamine-induced sensitization on dopamine (DA) efflux in the nucleus accumbens (...

Multiple sclerosis is a chronic, autoimmune disease of the central nervous system, which mainly affects young women during a reproductive period of life. Since, its symptoms might be significantly affected by pregnancy, in this study we investigated the development and kinetics of disease in the model of chronic relapsing experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (CR-EAE), induced in geneticall...

We have previously shown that inducible nitric oxide (iNO)-synthase immunoreactivity is expressed in bronchial epithelium and increased in asthma which suggests a possible role for NO in airway hyperresponsiveness. We tested the hypothesis that exposure of a sensitized animal to antigen could account for the increased expression of iNO-synthase in the airways. We examined the expression of iNO-...

OBJECTIVE Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory airways distinguished by edema and infiltration of inflammatory immune cells. To test our hypothesis about the anti-inflammatory effect of saffron, we examined effects of Crocus sativus (C. sativus) extract as a prophylactic anti-inflammatory agent in sensitized rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS To induce experimental asthma, rat...

Thoracic duct lymphocytes from rats sensitized against syngeneic spinal cord rapidly produce damage in cultures of syngeneic cerebellar cells but coexist indefintely with allogeneic cultures. Lymphocytes from donors that have been sensitized against allogeneic spinal cord attack cultures of syngeneic and specific allogeneic cerebellum but not cells from rats of a third, unrelated strain.

To determine fluid extravasation in the splanchnic vascular bed during anaphylactic hypotension, the mesenteric lymph flow (Q(lym)) was measured in anesthetized rats sensitized with ovalbumin, along with the systemic arterial pressure (P(sa)) and portal venous pressure (P(pv)). When the antigen was injected into the sensitized rats (n = 10), P(sa) decreased from 125 ± 4 to 37 ± 2 mmHg at 10 min...

Combination of cyclophosphamide (CY) and passive immunization with lymphoid cells sensitized to allogeneic tumor was studied in the treatment of a methylcholanthrene-induced transplantable fibrosarcoma in WKA rats. For determination of the most effective timing of combination treatment, rats given an injection of CY on Day 3 received passive transfer of the sensitized lymphoid cells on Day 0, 1...

Maternal behavior of the sensitized virgin rat is affected by approach-avoidance systems as well as by hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, which is also activated during stress. The present experiments investigated the effects of adrenalectomy and of varying corticosterone concentrations on the onset and expression of maternal behavior in sensitized virgin rats. In the first experiment, ...