The self-employed are often reported to be healthier than wageworkers; however, the cause of this health difference is largely unknown. The longitudinal nature of the US Health and Retirement Study allows us to gauge the plausibility of two competing explanations for this difference: a contextual effect of self-employment on health (benefit effect), or a health-related selection of individuals ...

Self-Employment Dynamics Across the Business Cycle: Migrants Versus Natives Economically active people are either in gainful employment, are unemployed or selfemployed. We are interested in the dynamics of the transitions between these states across the business cycle. It is generally perceived that employment or self-employment are absorbing states. However, innovations, structural changes and...

This paper examines the impact of US income and payroll taxes on the decision of wage-and-salary employees to become self-employed. I exploit variations in the tax treatment of wage and self-employment income using the Panel Study of Income Dynamics. Results show that differential taxation has significant effects on the probability of making a transition into self-employment. Reducing an indivi...

aim and background: the present study examined the predictability of quality of life (qol) based on personality traits and demographic characteristics of drug addicts. methods and materials: in the current descriptive, cross-sectional study, 200 individuals were randomly selected from addicts who referred to drug addiction treatment centers in tehran (iran). the world health organization qualit...

We explore the relationship between self-employment and attitudes towards financial risk using individual level data drawn from the US Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), which includes measures of individuals’ attitudes towards hypothetical gambles allowing us to explore the implications of interpersonal differences in risk attitudes for the probability of self-employment. Our empirical fin...

Children of the self-employed are twice as likely as other children to enter into self-employment themselves. A variety of different mechanisms have been proposed to explain the intergenerational transmission of self-employment, but current empirical research has been unable to assess their empirical validity. I use unique life history data to examine the impact of parental self-employment on t...

This paper analyzes self-employment dynamics in West Germany over the time period 1984-2004. Using dynamic multinomial logit panel data models with random effects we are able to analyze the mobility between selfemployment, wage employment and non-employment. This allows us to draw conclusions about state dependence and cross-mobility patterns. The results indicate strong true state dependence i...

Household survey data for 1983-2000 from India’s National Sample Survey Organization are used to examine the impact of credit on self-employment among men and women in rural labor households. Results indicate that credit access encourages women’s self-employment as ownaccount workers and employers, while it discourages men’s self-employment as unpaid family workers. Ownership of land, a key for...