In this paper we investigate the uniqueness of the 4-way CANDECOMP/PARAFAC (CP) model in the case where the only possible linear dependencies between the columns of the loading matrices take the form of collinear loadings. For this special configuration we state a necessary and sufficient condition for having full column rank of the Khatri-Rao product of two loading matrices. This allows to der...

The North Sea is affected by eutrophication problems despite the decreasing riverine nutrient fluxes since late 1980s. Formally, assessment of state European marine environments based on their historical state. Model estimates are increasingly used to support monitoring data that often do not encompass such pre-eutrophic conditions. However, various sources uncertainties emerge when producing t...

Common factor analysis (CFA) and principal component analysis (PCA) are widely used multivariate techniques. Using simulations, we compared CFA with PCA loadings for distortions of a perfect cluster configuration. Results showed that nonzero PCA loadings were higher and more stable than nonzero CFA loadings. Compared to CFA loadings, PCA loadings correlated weakly with the true factor loadings ...

Nutrient over-enrichment of the Baltic Sea, accompanied by intensified algal blooms and decreasing water clarity, has aroused widespread concern in the surrounding countries during the last four decades. This work has used a well-tested dynamic mass-balance model to investigate which decrease in total phosphorus loading would be required to meet the environmental goal to restore the trophic sta...

INTRODUCTION Environmental motion can affect shipboard sleep of crewmembers. Slamming and similar harsh motion may interfere with sleep, whereas mild motion and sopite syndrome may enhance sleep. If sleep needs vary by sea condition, this factor should be considered when assessing human performance at sea. The goal of this study was to assess sleep duration in different sea conditions. METHOD...