An efficient microwave-assisted simultaneous distillation and extraction (MA-SDE) method has been developed for the separation of polysaccharides and essential oil from Taxus chinensis var. mairei. The key operating parameters for MA-SDE were optimized by single factor and central composite design experiments, and the optimal conditions were found to include a particle size of 60–80 mesh, liqui...

Over reliance on energy or petroleum products has raised concerns both in regards to the depletion of their associated natural resources as well as their increasing costs. Bioplastics derived from microbes are emerging as promising alternatives to fossil fuel derived petroleum plastics. The development of a simple and eco-friendly strategy for bioplastic production with high productivity and yi...

The positive integers constitute the most well-studied number class. An important finding is the symbolic distance effect (SDE): the greater the distance between two positive integers, the faster they are compared (Moyer & Landauer, 1967). The SDE is important because it indicates that numerical symbols are understood in part as magnitudes, i.e., using a mental number line. The current study in...

In this article, we prove that the inverse of the Malliavin matrix belongs to L(Ω,P) for a class of degenerate stochastic differential equation(SDE). The conditions required are similar to Hörmander’s bracket condition, but we don’t need all coefficients of the SDE are smooth. Furthermore, we obtain a locally uniform estimate for the Malliavin matrix and a gradient estimate. We also prove that ...

OBJECTIVES We sought to assess the accuracy of hand-carried ultrasound (HCU) in the prediction of a normal study, and its cost-effectiveness in reducing the number of standard departmental echocardiograms (SDE) performed on hospital inpatients. METHODS The setting was a district general hospital. Participants were 157 consecutive inpatients, mean age 68 (range: 18-97) years, 95 men (61%), ref...

We consider an SDE with piece-wise linear drift driven by a spectrally onesided Lévy process. We show this SDE has some connections with queueing and storage models and apply this to obtain the invariant distribution.

We propose an unbiased Monte-Carlo estimator for E[g(X t1,,X tn)], where X is a diffusion process defined by a multi-dimensional stochastic differential equation (SDE). The main idea is to start instead from a well-chosen simulatable SDE whose coefficients are updated at independent exponential times. Such a simulatable process can be viewed as a regimeswitching SDE, or as a branching diffusion...

J.A. Ellison, U. New Mexico H. Mais, DESY G. Ripken, Deceased 2004 a. Basic problem A general 6-D formalism is presented for the calculation of the bunch parameters (e.g. 6-D stationary beam-envelope matrix) for electron storage rings including radiation damping and quantum excitation. The problem is formulated in terms of a stochastic differential equation (SDE) and basic to our approach is th...