BACKGROUND Although few studies have linked cognitive variables with adherence to mammography screening in women with family histories of breast and/or ovarian cancer, research studies suggest cognitive phenomena can be powerful adherence predictors. METHODS This prospective study included 858 women aged 30 to 71 years from the Ontario site of the Breast Cancer Family Registry with at least o...

BACKGROUND This study aims to examine the impact of women's characteristics (demographics, risk behaviour, and beliefs) on the uptake of cervical cancer screening, taking practice characteristics (demographic and organizational) into account. METHODS Routinely collected data of screening status were sampled from electronic medical records of 32 Dutch general practices. Additionally, a questio...

BACKGROUND Annual lung cancer screening using low-dose computed tomography (LDCT) scans is associated with a survival benefit, but it is also associated with potential harm. Unlike descriptive probability formats, experienced tasks have been shown to decrease perceptions of rare events. The objective of this study was to compare descriptive versus experienced probability formats on patients' kn...

INTRODUCTION Poor knowledge of and negative attitudes toward available screening tests may account in part for colorectal cancer screening rates being the lowest among 17 quality measures reported for the Department of Veterans Affairs health care system, the largest integrated health system in the United States. The purpose of this study was to develop a brief assessment tool to evaluate knowl...

OBJECTIVE To study physicians' beliefs about the effectiveness of different tests for cancer screening. METHODS Data were examined from the Women's Health Survey of 1574 Family Medicine, Internal Medicine, and Obstetrics-Gynecology physicians to questions about their level of agreement about the clinical effectiveness of different tests for breast, cervical, ovarian, and colorectal cancer scr...

BACKGROUND This study examines variations in breast cancer screening among primary care clinicians by geographic location of clinical practice. METHODS A cross-sectional survey design was used to examine approaches to breast cancer screening among physicians, nurse practitioners, and physician assistants involved in primary care practice. A summary index of beliefs about breast cancer screeni...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to describe GPs' knowledge, beliefs and attitudes towards breast screening, and their association with practice-based organizations of breast screening. METHOD A stratified randomized sample of 158 GPs from within the North-East and North-West Thames Health Regions were interviewed. RESULTS Sixty-five per cent of GPs report checking the accuracy of invitation lists, and ...

Systematic depression screening is feasible, efficient, and well accepted; however the lack of consistent assessment in heart failure inpatients suggests barriers preventing its effective diagnosis and treatment. This pilot study assessed the impact of an educational intervention on nurses' beliefs about depression and their likelihood of routinely screening heart failure patients. Registered n...

Why do individuals interpret the same information differently? We propose that form beliefs following Bayes' Rule with one exception: when assessing credibility of experts, they double-dip data and use already-updated instead their priors. This “pre-screening” mechanism explains why jointly disagree about states world ordering signals experts affects final beliefs, over- or underreact to new in...