Hexavalent chromium is highly toxic to most living organisms and a known human carcinogen by the inhalation route of exposure. Therefore, treatment of Cr(VI) contaminated wastewater is essential before their discharge to the natural water bodies. Cr(VI) reduction to Cr(III) can be beneficial because a more mobile and more toxic chromium species is converted to a less mobile and less toxic form....

As of 1999, the only artificial systems employed by the U.S. military for the detection of buried landmines were metal detectors.1 Although these detectors can sense as little as 0.5 grams of metal, and thus maintain a high detection probability, they cannot distinguish between a firing pin or a piece of scrap metal. Furthermore, modern landmines can be constructed without metallic parts and wo...

A 55-year-old incarcerated man with a history of depression presented to the emergency department with abdominal pain. The patient reported that he ingested 6 pieces of metal in an attempt to commit suicide. Abdominal X-ray showed ingested foreign objects suspicious for scrap metal. An upper endoscopy revealed a pair of reading glasses and ten metal electric connectors in the fundus and body of...

There are various approaches to sorting alloys. Perhaps the most simple method and one which is in greatest use today is hand sortation, which is normally a rather inaccurate process. An opportunity exists to recover lowgrade nonferrous scrap by sorting it into various alloys with high accuracy by applying spectrographic analysis techniques. This article presents an alternative method for scrap...

An investigation was conducted to determine the influence of recycled scrap tire rubber on the engineering properties of controlled low strength material (CLSM). With control over the ultimate compressive strength of CLSMs being key for applications such as backfilling utility trenches where re-excavation is often necessary, incorporation of scrap tire rubber into the CLSM mixture is a viable w...

A mixed integer non-linear optimization problem has been developed to aid in purchasing scrap steel. The model, which includes about 600 real-valued variables, 200 integers, and over 800 possible constraint equations, uses industrial data, actual market prices and supplier information to perform calculations. Prices, quality and supplier information are input or read into the model, along with ...