Desmoplastic melanocytic nevi can be difficult to distinguish from desmoplastic melanoma. The presence of lymphocytic aggregates in association with a sclerosing melanocytic proliferation is commonly regarded as a feature in support of a diagnosis of desmoplastic melanoma. However, the finding is not specific for melanoma. Herein we report six cases of sclerosing melanocytic nevi with associate...

Chronic sclerosing sialadenitis, also known as Kuttner tumor, is a chronic inflammatory disease of the salivary glands that is reported in a few cases in medical literature. Recent reports suggest that certain aspects of sclerosing diseases, including chronic sclerosing sialadenitis or dacryoadenitis, should be classified under immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing disease based on immuno...

Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis is caused by persistent brain infection of mutated virus, showing inflammation, neurodegeneration, and demyelination. Although many factors are emphasized in the pathogenesis of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis, the exact mechanism of neurodegeneration remains unknown. Micro-RNAs are small, noncoding RNAs that regulate gene expression at the posttranscript...

The history of sclerotherapy of varicose veins of lower extremities dates back to 1840's. The use of stronger sclerosants thereafter led to serious complications, and the use of sclerotherapy decreased for varicose veins. However, sclerotherapy again became popular after introduction of safer sclerosant and compression sclerotherapy. After introduction of sclerosing foam in mid 1990's, many phl...

Immunoglobulin G4-related lymphoplasmacytic sclerosing disease is an emerging disease. Recently, it has been shown to be responsible for autoimmune pancreatitis-induced strictures of the bile duct mimicking cholangiocarcinoma. Making a diagnosis of immunoglobulin G4-associated sclerosing cholangitis requires a high index of suspicion. The differential diagnoses include primary sclerosing cholan...

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a fibroinflammatory systemic disorder with multiorgan involvement. Proximal bile duct involvement results in IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, which is characterized by a lymphoplasmacytic infiltrate with abundant IgG4-positive plasma cells and fibrosis. Differentiating between cholangiocarcinoma and IgG4-sclerosing cholangitis can present a diagno...

3 Nelson D A, Weiner A, Yanoff M, DePeralta J. Retinal lesions in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Arch Ophthalmol 1970; 84: 613-21. 4 Andriola M, Karlsberg R 0. Maculopathy in subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Am J Dis Child 1972; 124: 187-9. 5 Cape C A, Martinez J, Robertson J T, Hamilton R, Jabbour J T. Adult onset of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. Arch Neurol 1973; 28: 124-7. 6...

sertoli cell tumors of the testis are extremely rare tumors with a heterogeneous pathology. three histological variants have been described: sertoli cell tumor not otherwise specified (nos), large cell calcifying sertoli cell tumor and the sclerosing sertoli cell tumor. the sclerosing sertoli cell tumor described herein is associated with prominent stromal sclerosis. they present as painless sc...

BACKGROUND Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related sclerosing disease is a recently described clinicopathological entity with diverse manifestations including, amongst others, autoimmune pancreatitis, sclerosing cholangitis, sclerosing sialadenitis and retroperitoneal fibrosis. Elevated serum IgG4 concentration has been described as the hallmark of this condition with reported good sensitivity and spe...

BACKGROUND The most common cause of perihilar obstruction is cholangiocarcinoma, especially in Thailand. Benign perihilar stricture represents less than 20% of cases. IgG4-related disease and IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis, however, have been receiving increased recognition. Isolated IgG4-related sclerosing cholangitis is less common. The preoperative diagnosis of IgG4-related sclerosing c...