Hereditary multiple exostosis (HME) is an autosomal dominant disorder characterized by two or more benign growing, cartilage capped tumors of long bones called osteochondromas. If abnormal growth and clinical symptoms of osteochondromas newly appear in adults, malignant transformation of the usually benign growing tumors should be suspected and diagnostic testing should be initiated. Against th...

Study Design: Repeated-measures experimental design. Objective: To determine the effects of shoulder external rotator muscle fatigue on 3-dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics. Background: The external rotator muscles of the shoulder are important for normal shoulder function. Impaired performance of these muscles has been observed in subjects with impingement syndrome and it ...

"Floating shoulder" is a rare injury complex resulting from high-energy blunt force trauma to the shoulder, resulting in scapulothoracic dissociation. It is commonly associated with catastrophic neurovascular injury. Two cases of motorcyclists with floating shoulder injuries are described.

OBJECTIVES To examine the strength deficits of the shoulder complex after stroke and to characterize the pattern of weakness according to type of movement and type of isokinetic parameter. METHOD Twelve chronic stroke survivors and 12 age-matched healthy controls had their shoulder strength measured using a Biodex isokinetic dynamometer. Concentric measures of peak torque and work during shou...

The roentgenographic parameters of motion in normal and abnormal shoulders, including the movement of the scapula, arm angle, glenohumeral angle, scapulothoracic angle, excursion of the humeral head, and instant center of motion for abduction in the plane of the scapula, were determined in twelve normal subjects and fifteen patients. The scapula rotated externally with abduction. The ratio of g...

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of shoulder muscle fatigue on three dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics. Twenty healthy subjects participated in this study. Three-dimensional scapulothoracic and glenohumeral kinematics were determined from electromagnetic sensors attached to the scapula, humerus, and thorax. Surface electromyographic (EMG) data were co...