This study investigated the effects of voluntary wheel running on satellite cells in the rat plantaris muscle. Seventeen 5-week-old male Wistar rats were assigned to a control (n = 5) or training (n = 12) group. Each rat in the training group ran voluntarily in a running-wheel cage for 8 weeks. After the training period, the animals were anesthetized, and the plantaris muscles were removed, wei...

We developed a multimedia satellite network system based on the Internet protocol (IP) and personal computers. The system enables collaborative distance education between outdoor and indoor environments. Integration of IP technologies and satellite communications enhances the flexibility of the network system. The satellite communication system enables communicating to and from outdoor environm...

This paper describes the network architecture of an Asiawide satellite Internet that considers the situations in developing regions. The design considerations for the architecture are costs, effective use of satellite bandwidth, scalability, and routing strategy when combined with terrestrial links. The architecture includes using one-way shared satellite links to reduce costs, IP multicast to ...

Persian juniper and Pistachio are grown in low density in the rangelands of North-East of Iran. These rangelands are populated by evergreen conifers, which are widespread and present at low-density and sparse shrub of pistachio in Iran, that are not only environmentally but also genetically essential as seed sources for pistachio improvement in orchards. Rangelands offer excellent opportunities...

We consider a model for the control of a satellite—fuel is expended in a linear fashion to move a satellite following a diffusion—the aim is to keep the satellite above a critical level. Under suitable assumptions on the drift and diffusion co-efficients, it is shown that the probability of the satellite falling below the critical level is minimised by a policy which moves the satellite a certa...