Central infusions of benzamil prevent/reverse salt-induced hypertension in genetic models of salt-sensitive hypertension. Benzamil acts by blockade of ion--presumably sodium--channels. In the present study, we assessed in Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats on high salt intake whether these channels mediate increases in brain "ouabain" and, thereby, hypertension. Intracerebroventricular (icv) infusion...

The present studies were performed to assess Na+/Ca2+ exchange activity in afferent and efferent arterioles from Dahl/Rapp salt-resistant (R) and salt-sensitive (S) rats. Renal arterioles were obtained by microdissection from S and R rats on either a low-salt (0.3% NaCl) or high-salt (8.0% NaCl) diet. On the high-salt diet, S rats become markedly hypertensive. Cytosolic calcium concentration ([...

S-E. Kim, S. McNally, L. K. Findeiss, J. Hulet, J. Roberts, E-K. Jeong, D. L. Parker, and G. S. Treiman UCAIR, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, Department of Biomedical Informatics, University of Utah, Department of Surgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, Veterans ...

Central infusion of an angiotensin type 1 (AT(1)) receptor blocker prevents sympathetic hyperactivity and hypertension in Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats on high salt. In the present study, we examined whether central infusion of a direct renin inhibitor exerts similar effects. Intracerebroventricular infusion of aliskiren at the rate of 0.05 mg/day markedly inhibited the increase in ANG II levels...

SUMMARY AUGIST (accomodating uncertainty in genealogies while inferring species tress) is a new software package for inferring species trees while accommodating uncertainty in gene genealogies. It is written for the Mesquite software system and provides sampling procedures to incorporate uncertainty in gene tree reconstruction while providing confidence estimates for inferred species trees. A...

In Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats, high salt intake increases cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Na(+) concentration ([Na(+)]) and blood pressure (BP). Intracerebroventricular (ICV) infusion of a mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) blocker prevents the hypertension. To assess the role of aldosterone locally produced in the brain, we evaluated the effects of chronic central blockade with the aldosterone syntha...

This study develops a stress-testing framework to assess liquidity risk of banks, where liquidity and default risks can stem from the crystallisation of market risk arising from a prolonged period of negative asset price shocks. In the framework, exogenous asset price shocks increase banks’ liquidity risk through three channels. First, severe mark-to-market losses on the banks’ assets increase ...

BACKGROUND We have shown that the ouabain-sensitive α2 Na,K-ATPase is required for adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)-induced hypertension and gestational blood pressure regulation. It is therefore of interest to explore whether this binding site participates in the development of other forms of hypertension, such as deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt using mutant mice with altered sensiti...

Previous studies have demonstrated that angiotensin II is a crucial factor in maintaining normal vascular reactivity. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that altered reactivity to vasoactive stimuli in Dahl salt-sensitive (S) rats on a high salt diet could be prevented by introgression of chromosome 13 from the normotensive Brown Norway strain, which carries a normally functioning renin ge...

The tonoplast Na + /H + -antiporter and the tonoplast H + -pumps are essential components of salt tolerance in plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the transport activities of the tonoplast Na + /H + -antiporter and the tonoplast V-H + -ATPase and V-H + -PPase in a highly tolerant salt accumulating halophyte, Salicornia dolichostachya, and to compare these transport activities...