A dry sacrificial layer process is presented in which microstructures fabricated on UV-transparent substrates are released by excimer laser ablation of a polymer sacrificial material using laser light incident from the reverse side of the substrate. We investigate the application of this technique to the batch assembly of hybrid microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) built from parts fabricated ...

The finite element procedure is developed for the solution of three-dimensional geometrically nonlinear problems with small strains and large rotational and translational displacements. Updated Lagrangian formulation is used with controlling strains and stresses at local coordinate frames at element integration points. Equilibrium iterations at each step are performed according to the Newton-Ra...

Previous studies of CAD/CAM-produced sacrificial patterns for removable partial denture frameworks have been documented but to date, no such restorations have been test-fitted to a patient. This paper provides details of the first trial fitting to a patient of an RPD framework, the sacrificial pattern of which was produced by CAD/CAM and RP technologies. A cast of the patient was scanned and th...

Semiconductor CdX (X=Te, Se, S) hollow structures have been successfully prepared by using Cd(OH)Cl precursors as a sacrificial template. The hollow structures can be hollow spheres or tubes by controlling the shape of the sacrificial template. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive spectrometry...

Effective wildlife management is needed for conservation, economic and human well-being objectives. However, traditional population control methods are frequently ineffective, unpopular with stakeholders, may affect non-target species, and can be both expensive and impractical to implement. New methods which address these issues and offer effective wildlife management are required. We used an i...

Major steps used in fabricating surface micromachined capacitive ultrasonic immersion transducers are investigated in this paper. Such steps include membrane formation and cavity sealing under vacuum. Three transducer membrane structures are evaluated: a nitride membrane with an LTO sacrificial layer; a polysilicon membrane with an LTO sacrificial layer; and a nitride membrane with a polysilico...

Sacrificial bonds and hidden length in structural molecules and composites have been found to greatly increase the fracture toughness of biomaterials by providing a reversible, molecular-scale energy-dissipation mechanism. This mechanism relies on the energy, of order 100 eV, needed to reduce entropy and increase enthalpy as molecular segments are stretched after being released by the breaking ...

Aligned electrospun scaffolds are promising tools for engineering fibrous musculoskeletal tissues, as they reproduce the mechanical anisotropy of these tissues and can direct ordered neo-tissue formation. However, these scaffolds suffer from a slow cellular infiltration rate, likely due in part to their dense fiber packing. We hypothesized that cell ingress could be expedited in scaffolds by in...

Research into moral decision-making has been dominated by sacrificial dilemmas where, in order to save several lives, it is necessary to sacrifice the life of another person. It is widely assumed that these dilemmas draw a sharp contrast between utilitarian and deontological approaches to morality, and thereby enable us to study the psychological and neural basis of utilitarian judgment. Howeve...

We propose and demonstrate a new fabrication process of a microchannel using the Damascene process. This process aims to integrate photonic circuits with microchannels fabricated in a glass film. The microchannel is fabricated by the removal of the sacrificial layer after a sacrificial layer is formed by the Damascene process and the cover is formed by sputter deposition. A thin cover layer can...