In and post a fire event, an accurate and real-time evaluation and monitoring of a structure’s performance can assist firefighters for efficient survivor rescuing, which significantly improve the fire rescuing safety both for fire fighters and the trapped survivors. However, due to the lack of durable sensors, the structural performance of steel structures in fire conditions is challenging to b...

Internal stress in structural steel members is an important parameter for steel structures in their design, construction, and service stages. However, it is hard to measure via traditional approaches. Among the existing non-destructive testing (NDT) methods, the ultrasonic method has received the most research attention. Longitudinal critically refracted (Lcr) waves, which propagate parallel to...

this paper presents the application of three main artificial neural networks (anns) in damage detection of steel bridges. this method has the ability to indicate damage in structural elements due to a localized change of stiffness called damage zone. the changes in structural response is used to identify the states of structural damage. to circumvent the difficulty arising from the non-linear n...

the most conventional method for lateral bracing of steel frames is using diagonal and x steel braces. in conventional method, braces of frame emplace in one bay or more, relative to structural requirement, from first to last story without displace the braces emplacement on height as columnar form. this pattern is a preliminary and simplest bracing template that the generally codes present base...

A quick group search optimizer (QGSO) is an intelligent optimization algorithm which has been applied in structural optimal design, including the hinged spatial structural system. The accuracy and convergence rate of QGSO are feasible to deal with a spatial structural system. In this paper, the QGSO algorithm optimization is adopted in seismic research of steel frames with semi-rigid connection...

A majority of the thin-walled components subjected to intensive plastic straining at cryogenic temperatures are made of stainless steels. The examples of such components can be found in the interconnections of particle accelerators, containing the superconducting magnets, where the thermal contraction is absorbed by thin-walled, axisymetric shells called bellows expansion joints. The stainless ...

In the present study the efficiency of Big Bang-Big Crunch (BB-BC) algorithm is investigated in discrete structural design optimization. It is shown that a standard version of the BB-BC algorithm is sometimes unable to produce reasonable solutions to problems from discrete structural design optimization. Two reformulations of the algorithm, which are referred to as modified BB-BC (MBB-BC) and e...

This study presents a hybrid metaheuristic algorithm to obtain optimum designs for steel space buildings. The optimum design problem of three-dimensional steel frames is mathematically formulated according to provisions of LRFD-AISC (Load and Resistance factor design of American Institute of Steel Construction). Design constraints such as the strength requirements of structural members, the dis...

Based on an actual corrugated steel plate arch bridge, considering soil-structure interaction, by using the finite element program of ANSYS, a 2-D finite element model was set up to analyze the soil pressure and structural deformation under different load conditions in detail. Since this type of structure relies on the soil-structure interaction to share the load, as the structural parameters h...