OBJECTIVE To assess the efficacy and safety of initial combination therapy with sitagliptin and metformin in patients with type 2 diabetes and inadequate glycemic control on diet and exercise. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS In a 24-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group study, 1,091 patients with type 2 diabetes and A1C 7.5-11% were randomized to one of six daily trea...

The objective of this study was to determine if a high Tg polymer (Eudragit(®) S100) could be used to stabilize amorphous domains of polyethylene oxide (PEO) and hence improve the stability of binary polymer systems containing celecoxib (CX). We propose a novel method of stabilizing the amorphous PEO solid dispersion through inclusion of a miscible, high Tg polymer, namely, that can form strong...

The adoptive transfer of autoreactive S100 beta-specific T cells induces experimental autoimmune panencephalomyelitis and uveoretinitis in the Lewis rat, mimicking the distribution of lesions seen in a subset of patients with multiple sclerosis. We studied the frequency and functional properties of the human T-cell response to S100 beta in eight patients (two relapsing-remitting multiple sclero...

Pancreatic cancer remains a disease that is very difficult to treat. S100 proteins are small calcium binding with diverse intra- and extracellular functions modulate different aspects of tumorigenesis, including tumor growth metastasis. High mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein multifaceted also actively influences the development progression tumors. In this study, we investigate possible corre...

BACKGROUND Baseline staging is important in all melanoma types, including melanoma with unknown primary site (MUP). Staging includes different examination strategies, each with different accuracy. OBJECTIVE To determine the value of serum S100 protein levels and positron emission tomography (PET) in the baseline staging of MUP. METHODS Twenty patients with MUP were evaluable for the analysi...

The S100 proteins, a family of calcium-binding cytosolic proteins, have a broad range of intracellular and extracellular functions through regulating calcium balance, cell apoptosis, migration, proliferation, differentiation, energy metabolism, and inflammation. The intracellular functions of S100 proteins involve interaction with intracellular receptors, membrane protein recruitment/transporta...

Note S100A9 belongs to the S100/calgranulin family of small non-ubiquitous cytoplasmic Ca-binding proteins of EF-hand type. The proteins were referred to "S100" because of their solubility in saturated ammonium sulphate solution. Sixteen of 21 members are localised in a cluster on human chromosome 1q21. The clustered organization of these S100 genes is conserved during evolution (Ridinger et al...

OBJECTIVES S100 protein has been used as a marker for cerebral injury. Studies have reported lower levels in off-pump coronary artery surgery (CABG) compared to on-pump surgery. However, most of these are flawed as S100 from extracerebral sources was included (e.g. blood from cardiotomy suckers). Microemboli (high-intensity transient signals or HITS) during CABG have been implicated as a cause ...

OBJECTIVE S100A12 and fibroblast growth factor 23 are biomarkers of cardiovascular morbidity and mortality in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). We tested the hypothesis that human S100/calgranulin would accelerate cardiovascular disease in mice subjected to CKD. APPROACH AND RESULTS A bacterial artificial chromosome of the human S100/calgranulin gene cluster containing the genes and...