The sex of a reptile [6] embryo partly results from the production of sex hormones [7] during development, and one such process to produce those hormones [8] depends on temperature of the embryo's environment. The production of sex hormones [7] can result solely from genetics or from genetics in combination with the influence of environmental factors. In genotypic sex determination [9], also ca...

The study of sex and ethnic group differences is an important issue in the evaluation of personnel measurement instruments. Several principles must be considered when addressing the measurement of group differences including whether the selection instruments measure the same factors for all groups (i.e., factorial invariance), group mean score differences, and differential validity. Federal gui...

On the basis of sex chromosome variation, three cytotypes of Simulium squamosum (Enderlein) (Diptera: Simuliidae) are described from Cameroon and Nigeria. Simulium squamosum A is the typical form as originally described by Vajime & Dunbar (1975) with chromosome I as the sex chromosome. It occurs throughout most of Cameroon and south-east Nigeria. A second cytotype, S. squamosum B, is described ...

Characterization of the sex-dependent myocardial 1 S-nitrosothiol proteome 2 3 Qin Shao, Jonathan Fallica, Kevin M. Casin, Elizabeth Murphy, Charles 4 Steenbergen, Mark J. Kohr 5 6 Department of Cardiology, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of 7 Medicine, Shanghai, 200127, China, Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins 8 University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, Depar...

The importance of gonadal hormones in the regulation of vascular function has been documented. An alternate and essential contribution of the sex chromosomes to sex differences in vascular function is poorly understood. We reported previously sex differences in microvessel permeability (P(s)) responses to adenosine that were mediated by the cAMP signaling pathway (Wang J, PhD thesis, 2005; Wang...

Gender influences volume regulation via several mechanisms; whether these include microvascular exchange, especially in the heart, is not known. In response to adenosine (Ado), permeability (P(s)) to protein of coronary arterioles of female pigs decreases acutely. Whether Ado induces similar P(s) changes in arterioles from males or whether equivalent responses occur in coronary venules of eithe...

Premenopausal women exhibit endogenous cardioprotective signaling mechanisms that are thought to result from the beneficial effects of estrogen, which we have shown to increase protein S-nitrosylation in the heart. S-nitrosylation is a labile protein modification that increases with a number of different forms of cardioprotection, including ischemic preconditioning. Herein, we sought to identif...

An evolutionary psychological perspective drawing on sexual selection theory can better explain sex differences in aggression and violence than can social constructionist theories. Moreover, there is accumulating evidence that, in accordance with predictions derived from sexual selection theory, men modulate their willingness to engage in risky and violent confrontations in response to cues to ...

the study of prostitute women's knowledge about ways of hiv transmission in tehran in 1390 azizi h , saboory e *, ghaderi s received: 11 sep , 2013 accepted: 21 nov , 2013 abstract: background & aims: a third wave of sexual transmission of hiv has been increased recently. in this context, one of the high risk groups is female sex workers that as a vulnerable group they are prone to aids an...