Paul E Farmer professor 1 2 , Cameron T Nutt research fellow , Claire M Wagner research fellow , Claude Sekabaraga senior health financing specialist, Tej Nuthulaganti human resources for health program director, Jonathan LWeigel doctoral candidate, Didi Bertrand Farmer director of community health and social development , Antoinette Habinshuti deputy director of Rwanda progammes , Soline Dusab...

Voluntary medical male circumcision has been conclusively demonstrated to reduce the lifetime risk of male acquisition of HIV. The strategy has been adopted as a component of a comprehensive strategy towards achieving an AIDS-free generation. A number of countries in which prevalence of HIV is high and circumcision is low have been identified as a priority, where innovative approaches to scale-...

Supported by a large policy package, Rwanda’s economy rebounded in 2021 after contracting the preceding year due to COVID-19 shock. However, country now faces multi-faceted challenges—pandemic scars, headwinds from war Ukraine, and climate-related shocks, meanwhile inflationary pressures have increased markedly. Downside risks are significant spillovers, through further on energy, food, fertili...

This study evaluates the efficiency of rural health centers in Rwanda in delivering the three key human immunodeficiency virus/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome services: antiretroviral treatment, prevention of mother-to-child transmission, and voluntary counseling and testing using data envelopment analysis, and assesses the impact of community-based health insurance (CBHI) and performance-ba...

With increased calls for equal representation of the sexes in government throughout the world, various countries have employed gender-quota systems in their national legislatures. One such country, Rwanda, has achieved the number one rank of proportion of women in its national parliament, with 56.3 percent being women. However other countries, despite making similar attempts through enacting ge...

OBJECTIVE To assess the costs associated with the provision of services for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of human immunodeficiency virus in two African countries. METHODS In 2009, the costs to health-care providers of providing comprehensive PMTCT services were assessed in 20 public health facilities in Namibia and Rwanda. Information on prices and on the total amoun...

Over the last five years, comprehensive national surveys of the cost of post-abortion care (PAC) to national health systems have been undertaken in Ethiopia, Uganda, Rwanda and Colombia using a specially developed costing methodology-the Post-abortion Care Costing Methodology (PACCM). The objective of this study is to expand the research findings of these four studies, making use of their exten...

When King published 3 articles about demographic entrapment, he recommended that primary health care stop targeting child mortality, indeed that oral rehydration solutions be withheld, in order to reduce population size and evade the demographic trap of a region endangered by the growth of its own population. Using Rwanda as an example, it is possible to calculate the effect of decreasing chil...

Distributed objects bring to distributed computing such desirable properties of modularisation, abstraction and reuse easing the burden of development and maintenance by diminishing the gap between implementation and real-world objects. Distributed objects, however, need a consistent framework in which inter-object communication may take place. The Common Object Request Broker Architecture (COR...

In Rwanda, the prevalence of viral hepatitis (HCV) is poorly understood. The current study investigated the prevalence and risk factors of HCV infection in Rwanda. A total of 324 patients attending Rwanda Military Hospital were randomly selected and a questionnaire was administered to determine the risk factors. Blood was collected and screened for anti-HCV antibodies and seropositive samples w...