This paper seeks to establish empirically that institutions matter to financial markets. To this end, I look at the impact of five different regional trade agreements (RTAs) on a composite of four different financial instruments that account for default risk on sovereign debt in developing countries. As expected, some of the agreements have a stronger impact on default risk than others. Althoug...

objective: to determine the economic burden of road traffic accidents (rtas) in patients admitted to a single center in south eastern iran. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted in amir-al-momenin hospital of zabol affiliated with zabol university of medical sciences during a 12-month period from april 2012 to april 2013. all the rtas patients who were admitted to our emergency depa...

BACKGROUND Iran has one of the highest rates of road traffic accidents (RTAs) worldwide. Pre-hospital trauma care can help minimize many instances of traffic-related mortality and morbidity. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to assess the characteristics of pre-hospital care in patients who were injured in RTAs, admitted to hospital. The focus was mainly directed at evaluating pre-hospital...

OBJECTIVE The aim of the present research was to examine associations between poor driving behaviour (DB), driving when fatigued (DF), risk taking (RT) and road traffic accidents (RTAs). DESIGN The study involved a cross-sectional online survey of clients of an insurance company. The survey measured DB (speeding, distraction, lapses of attention and aggression), RT and frequency of driving wh...

Road traffic accidents (RTAs) are a major public health concern, resulting in an estimated 1.2 million deaths and 50 million injuries worldwide each year. In the developing world, RTAs are among the leading cause of death and injury; Ethiopia in particular experiences the highest rate of such accidents. Thus, methods to reduce accident severity are of great interest to traffic agencies and the ...

Gravity models have been extensively used to evaluate the trade effects of regional trading arrangements, (RTAs), especially over the last 10 years or so. Questions addressed by researchers include, is there a regional bias to trade and are there identifiable trade affects attributable to RTAs? This paper reviews the evidence extant from this literature and evaluates the modelling and methodolo...

The agenda of trade negotiation in the agri-food sector is characterized by an exponential increase sanitary and phytosanitary (SPS) measures Regional Trade Agreements (RTAs). Their joint effect on puzzling still open empirical question. Once assessed standards provided SPS measures, study evaluates how regulatory cooperation commitments beyond World Organization requirements affect between sig...

The present study assesses the trade facilitating role of regional agreements (RTAs) BRICS and Next Eleven (N-11) economies using annual bilateral over period 2000–2019. For empirical estimation, we applied structural gravity with Poisson pseudo maximum likelihood estimator. findings show higher effect RTAs for imports compared to exports both N-11 countries. While countries mostly facilitate m...

Abstract This is the first paper that analyzes for a global sample of countries how trade agreements include technology-related provisions impact exports goods, and this differs depending on technology content goods. It includes estimations structural gravity model panel 176 over period 1995–2015. The differentiates between relating transfer, technical cooperation, research development, patents...