introduction: bleaching process can affect surface roughness of enamel, which is a vital factor in esthetic and resistance of tooth. the aim of this study was to compare surface roughness of enamel in teeth bleached using diode and neodymium-doped yttrium aluminium garnet (nd: yag) lasers with those bleached using conventional method. methods: in this study, 75 anterior human teeth from upper a...

different construction materials with different roughness used to make circular weirs highly affect surface roughness and, in turn, flow hydraulics passing over these structures.  in the present research, numerous experiments under different hydraulic conditions were performed on a physical model to study the effects of roughness on flow hydraulics over a circular weir. the flow hydraulics incl...

the objective of this research work is to evaluate the surface roughness of polyacrylonitrile (pan) nanowebs. for this purpose the nanowebs have been prepared in different concentrations of pan solution from 11 to 15% (by wt). surface roughness of nanowebs was evaluated by entropy algorithm (ent) as well as atomic force microscopy (afm) and then the results of two methods have been compared. to...

The surface roughness effects on the dynamic squeezing behavior of a finite length partial journal bearing under a time dependent oscillating load is studied. Use Christensen’s stochastic models to develop the stochastic Reynolds’ equation of the longitudinal, transverse and uniform isotropic roughness. According to the results obtained, the roughness pattern, the height of roughness and have s...

in this article, the effect of parameters like working gap, work piece rotational speed and material removal mechanism(injection of the sic abrasive slurry and al2o3, use of diamond paste as abrasive tool) in magnetic abrasive finishing process using designing of experiments on the external surface of cylindrical work pieces of stainless steel aisi 440c to get minimum surface roughness has been...

objective: increased enamel surface roughness following orthodontic bracket debonding leads to increased plaque accumulation and enamel decalcification. therefore, different methods are employed to achieve smoother enamel surfaces after bracket debonding. this study compared enamel surface roughness following orthodontic bracket debonding and composite resin removal using white stone and tungst...

Surface roughness is a significant parameter which determines the efficiency of optical components. Surface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. It is meaningful to rapid evaluate the surface roughness through the measurement of different grinding parameters. In this study, a cup diamond wheel (D64) is used in grinding pr...

Hydraulic roughness exerts an important but poorly understood control on water pressure in subglacial conduits. Where relative roughness values are <5%, hydraulic roughness can be related to relative roughness using empirically-derived equations such as the Colebrook–White equation. General relationships between hydraulic roughness and relative roughness do not exist for relative roughness>5%. ...

lapping is one of the most important polishing processes which can be used to fabricate flat and smooth surfaces. in this paper, the effect of lapping characteristics and mesh number of abrasive particles are studied on the surface roughness and flatness for the machining of hardened aisi 52100 rings. the most significant lapping characteristics are pressure, lap plate speed and time. scanning ...

Surface roughness is a significant parameter which determines the efficiency of optical components. Surface damages induced by grinding strongly influence the mechanical strength and optical quality of optical glasses. It is meaningful to rapid evaluate the surface roughness through the measurement of different grinding parameters. In this study, a cup diamond wheel (D64) is used in grinding pr...