Safety and in particular road safety have become major concerns worldwide, due to the rapid growth in the number of vehicles and traffic accidents. Road fatalities are the result of several joint factors: they can be caused by drivers' errors, by vehicles' malfunctions and by issues related to roads environment. In the U.S., in 2010 there were an estimated 5.419.000 crashes (30.296 fatal crashe...

This paper presents an evaluation of the effects on road safety of new urban arterial roads in Oslo, Norway, and a synthesis of evidence from similar studies that have evaluated the safety effects of new urban arterial roads in other cities. A before-and-after study was made of four urban arterial road projects in Oslo. The study controlled for general accident trends in Oslo and for regression...

it’s obvious that road safety is causing large problems and costs in iran with an enormous impact on the well-being of people, economy and productivity. the yearly number of fatalities and injuries is still unchanged. motor vehicle injuries lead the list of injury deaths at the all ages during childhood and adolescence, even in children under 1 yrs of age. understanding the actual of child road...

This paper presents the results of a cost-effectiveness study concerning the effects of an overtaking prohibition on two lane rural roads. Overtaking prohibitions are being implemented in the Netherlands aiming to improve safety. Overtaking frequency on road sections with and without overtaking prohibition are measured by means of camera observations Overtaking frequencies were determined by co...

Sight distance obviously affects safety. Although this statement is universally accepted, the relationship between sight distance and safety has not yet been successfully quantified. One reason for this is the obvious strong correlation between sight distance and alignment. Where roads have no vertical or horizontal alignment change, the available stopping sight distance (SSD) is not limited by...

Bicycle route and safety datasets for 2963 commuter cyclists in Ottawa and Toronto, Canada containing cyclist characteristics, collision and fall history, and regular commute route, are used for this analysis. Previous analyses found sidewalk collisions, fall and injury rates significantly higher on sidewalks versus roads or paths. Of the 52 events reported on sidewalks none were reported to po...

Earlier work has found that social capital reduces traffic fatality risk (Nagler 2013a, Nagler 2013b). Recognizing that rural areas suffer from high traffic fatality levels despite a perceived high density of communal ties, we explore here whether social capital provides the same protection against traffic risks on rural roads as on urban roads, and what factors might explain differential effec...

Objectives: Most studies have performed to identify the affective variables in using mobile phone by drivers based on interview and questionnaire. In this study call answering rate while driving was investigated in a sample of male postgraduate students of a university in Tehran by a driving simulator. Methods: Six driving scenario designed differing in risk of driving. Answer rate to mobile...