While risk management has existed for centuries, today it remains a consideration that all too often resides in an organizational silo, associated with planning a new project, evaluating a potential financial investment, complying with new regulations, or responding to a previous incident. Whereas, conceptually it is recognized that risks are inherent within an organization at all levels and in...

This paper examines why a financial entity’s solvency capital estimation might be underestimated if the total amount required is obtained directly from a risk measurement. Using Monte Carlo simulation we show that, in some instances, a common risk measure such as Value-at-Risk is not subadditive when certain dependence structures are considered. Higher risk evaluations are obtained for independ...

manual material handling is identified as one of the musculoskeletal disorders risk factors. the aims of this study were to evaluate lifting activities by niosh equation and mac method and the correlation of these two methods. this cross-sectional study was conducted in a rubber industry. studied subjects were 136 male workers selected from various sections by proportional-to size sampling meth...

Physicians expect a treatment to be more effective when its clinical outcomes are described as relative rather than as absolute risk reductions. We examined whether effects of presentation method (relative vs. absolute risk reduction) remain when physicians are provided the baseline risk information, a vital piece of statistical information omitted in previous studies. Using a between-subjects ...

This paper gives a critical review of current problems related to quantitative health risk assessment of exposure to asbestos, and particularly to chrysotile, the only type of asbestos still available on the market. The paper reviews types, sources, uses and the main recognized health effects of asbestos, paying particular attention to the health-related properties of fibres and the role of the...

This article presents the process of workers' problems with work related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSDs), the introduction of risk assessments (RA) for their prevention, and the consequences of this process in Korea. In 1997, economic crisis caused a rapid increase of massive layoffs, worker dispatch system introduction, job insecurity, and use of irregular workers resulting in work intensifi...

The burgeoning performance management movement, with its emphasis on social program ‘results’ measured typically by a limited set of quantitative indicators, has developed a life of its own largely apart from the evaluation research movement. Reflecting the differences in the professional history, interests and training underlying the two movements, the relationship between these disparate appr...

Modern biotechnology has led to the development and use of Living Modified Organisms (LMOs) for agriculture and other purposes. Regulators at the national level are increasingly depending on risk assessment as a tool for assessing potential adverse effects of LMOs on the environment and human health. In addition, the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety, an international agreement expected to enter ...