We have identified genes for pathogenicity toward rice (Oryza sativa) and genes for virulence toward specific rice cultivars in the plant pathogenic fungus Magnaporthe grisea. A genetic cross was conducted between the weeping lovegrass (Eragrostis curvula) pathogen 4091-5-8, a highly fertile, hermaphroditic laboratory strain, and the rice pathogen 0-135, a poorly fertile, female-sterile field i...

Cyanobacteria are one of the important components of rice field ecosystems. Few of which have the ability to fix atmospheric nitrogen and are therefore, considered as natural biofertilizer which enrich the productivity of rice. Calothrix is one of the potent groups of N2 fixing cyanobacteria and is very common in rice grown areas of Assam. Therefore, the present survey conducted in rice field s...

We investigated the recruitment and survival of the multimammate mouse, Mastomys natalensis, within irrigated rice and fallow field habitats at different time periods related to rice crop growth stages. Capture-Mark-Recapture data were collected for M. natalensis each month from June 2010 to May 2012, and both recruitment and survival were estimated in relation to land use (irrigated rice or fa...

A simple apparatus for collecting methane emission from a simulated rice field ecosystem was formed. With no wheat straw powder amended all treatments with inhibitor(s) had so much lower methane emission during rice growth than the treatment with urea alone (control), which was contrary to methane emission from the cut rice-soil system. Especially for treatments with dicyandiamide (DCD) and wit...

Irrigation of rice fields in Bangladesh with arsenic-contaminated groundwater transfers tens of cubic kilometers of water and thousands of tons of arsenic from aquifers to rice fields each year. Here we combine observations of infiltration patterns with measurements of porewater chemical composition from our field site in Munshiganj Bangladesh to characterize the mobility of arsenic in soils be...

sheath blight disease, caused by rhizoctonia solani ag-1 ia, is one of the most serious fungal diseases of rice, worldwide. rice resistance is a relative phenomenon and disease response varied (due to complex quantitative inheritance and high environmental diversity), so an accurate disease assessment would be difficult. to detect a reliable reaction of rice in a high level of disease developme...

Progress on the research and development of insect-resistant transgenic rice, especially expressing insecticidal proteins from Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt), in China has been rapid in recent years. A number of insect-resistant transgenic rice lines/varieties have passed restricted and enlarged field testing, and several have been approved for productive testing since 2002 in China, although none...

Salt stress causes significant reductions in rice production worldwide; thus, improving salt tolerance is a promising approach to meet the increasing food demand. Wild rice germplasm is considered a valuable genetic resource for improving rice cultivars. However, information regarding the improvement of salt tolerance in cultivated rice using wild rice genes is limited. In this study, we identi...

Transgenic Bt rice expressing the insecticidal proteins derived from Bacillus thuringiensis Berliner (Bt) has been developed since 1989. Their ecological risks towards non-target organisms have been investigated; however, these studies were conducted individually, yielding uncertainty regarding potential agroecological risks associated with large-scale deployment of Bt rice lines. Here, we deve...

In the Mekong delta, inland fishing and rice production provided a major source of income for rural communities. Since early settlement, the inhabitants have caught fish. Still, fish provides the main source of animal protein in their daily diet (Madan et al. 2005). Fish are caught in flood plains and in rice fields. The wild fish catch has declined since 1970 (Gagauan & Arce 1992), as a result...