Age-related macular degeneration (AMD), an oxidative stress-linked neurodegenerative disease, leads to irreversible damage of the central retina and severe visual impairment. Advanced age long-standing influence stress cellular play crucial roles in AMD etiopathogenesis. Many authors emphasize role heterophagy, autophagy, mitophagy maintaining homeostasis retina. Relevantly modifying activity b...

O tumor vasoproliferativo da retina é uma doença adquirida caracterizada por lesões vasculares, usualmente localizadas em região pré-equatorial e inferotemporal, que podem causar exsudatos, edema macular, membrana epirretiniana descolamento de retina. Aproximadamente 75% dos casos são idiopáticos 25% secundários a outras doenças oculares como uveíte, retina, toxoplasmose congênita Coats. diagnó...

Objective(s): The Muller cell is the principal glial cell of the vertebrate retina. The expression of Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) in the Muller cells was used as a cellular marker for retinal damage. This study was done to evaluate the effect of gestational diabetes on retinal Muller cells in rat's offspring. Materials and Methods: In this experimental study, 12 Wistar rat dams were ...

Objective(s): Naringin, an essential flavonoid, inhibits inflammatory response and oxidative stress in diabetes. However, whether naringin has beneficial effects on diabetic retinopathy (DR) remains unknown. Materials and Methods: Streptozotocin (STZ, 65 mg/kg) was intraperitoneally injected into male rats (8 weeks old weighting 200-250 g) to establish diabetic model, then naringin (20, 40 or 8...

The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) with mean weight 0.47±0.0...

The pathogenicity of a Nervous Necrosis Virus isolate obtained from naturally infected Golden grey mullet (Liza auratus) suffering serious mortalities in Iranian coastline water of the Caspian Sea was investigated for first time. An experimental infection has been performed using three groups, two experimental groups and one control group of Guppy (Poecilia reticulata) with mean weight 0.47±0.0...

The big eye kilka, Clupeonella grimmi, is a marine fish living in depth of 20 to 200 meter of the Caspian Sea. Its eye and retina were processed for histological and SEM studies. Paraffin embedded retina was cut radially and tangentially in 5 ?m thickness and stained with hematoxylin and eosin method. The unstained sections were manipulated for SEM image observations. Tangential retinal sect...

Sulfonylureas, widely used as hypoglycemic agents in adults with type 2 diabetes, have neuroprotective effects preclinical models of central nervous system injury, and children neuropsychomotor impairments linked to neonatal diabetes secondary ATP-sensitive potassium channel mutations. In the human rodent retina, we show that glibenclamide-activated sulfonylurea receptor 1 (SUR1) is expressed r...