background: several multiphase flow analyses have been developed to predict the fate of particles used in inhalation drug delivery; however, the collapse of droplets during their passage through respiratory tract has not been investigated. objective: to assess the probability of droplet collapse in the upper respiratory tract. methods: a 3d model of mouth-to-second generation airway after the t...

background: lower respiratory tract infections (ltris) are among the most common infectious diseases with potential life-threatening complications. methods: the study consisted of 426 patients with suspected ltris from mid and far western region of nepal between september 2011 and july 2014. the specimens were collected and processed according to the standard microbiological methods at the cent...

Effects of Endotracheal Tubes in Spontaneously Breathing Patients Respiratory Workload Imposed by the Endotracheal Tube In healthy persons, respiration occurs with little effort. Respiratory work is required, however, to overcome the natural forces that oppose inhalation, such as the elasticity and resistance of the respiratory system, which is termed respiratory load. The ability to overcome t...

Effects of Endotracheal Tubes in Spontaneously Breathing Patients Respiratory Workload Imposed by the Endotracheal Tube In healthy persons, respiration occurs with little effort. Respiratory work is required, however, to overcome the natural forces that oppose inhalation, such as the elasticity and resistance of the respiratory system, which is termed respiratory load. The ability to overcome t...

background: many studies have been done in order to interpret correctly the results of ethanol analysis and its related problems. unfortunately, it was not easy to determine bac rate, due to postmortem different conditions or personal and clinical differences in metabolism and excretion of ethanol. the time between death and autopsy, the environmental conditions (temperature and humidity) are i...

Halothane and isoflurane were studied using a draw-over anaesthetic system in two groups each of 25 patients to compare the ventilatory effects of the two agents in field anaesthesia. Respiratory variables were measured and it was confirmed that isoflurane is a more potent respiratory depressant than halothane, but satisfactory anaesthesia for short procedures was possible.