Urban areas consume up to 80 percent of the world's total energy production and are growing in size and complexity. At present, urban building energy consumption is largely considered solely in terms of individual building types, neglecting the effects of residents’ location-based activities that influence patterns in energy supply and demand. Here, we examine the spatial fluctuations of these ...

The UK Government has emphasized the role of Local Authorities as a key player in its flagship residential energy efficiency strategies, by identifying and targeting areas for energy efficiency improvements. Residential energy consumption in England is characterized by significant geographical variation in energy demand, which makes centralized targeting of areas for energy efficiency intervent...

An important source of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in residential areas, particularly in the winter season, is the burning process when wood is used for domestic heating. The target of this study was to investigate the particle-phase PAH composition of ambient samples in order to assess the influence of wood combustion on air quality in residential areas. PM(10) samples (particulate...

Caspian Sea coastline in the Mazandaran province has been altered as a result of activities of developers attracted to aesthetic and coastal recreational aspects of forest ecosystems. Advances in GIS and RS techniques, has made it possible to study the coastal areas for better management. Hence, the present study was undertaken to determine land cover changes via applying cross classificat...

Because serosurveys of Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) among wild animals and pigs may not accurately reflect risk for humans in urban/residential areas, we examined seroprevalence among dogs and cats. We found that JEV-infected mosquitoes have spread throughout Japan and that dogs, but not cats, might be good sentinels for monitoring JEV infection in urban/residential areas.

BACKGROUND Studies involving the built environment have typically relied on US Census data to measure residential density. However, census geographic units are often unsuited to health-related research, especially in rural areas where development is clustered and discontinuous. OBJECTIVE We evaluated the accuracy of both standard census methods and alternative GIS-based methods to measure rur...

Introduction: Due to the rapid development of technology and growth of economic activities in recent years, the use of electrical and electronic devices has increased dramatically, which is contributed to the proliferation of waste generated by these e-waste (Electric and Electronic waste) products. Materials and Methods: In this study, the status of e-waste in Dezful city in 2017 was studied....

We live-trapped small mammals and flagged vegetation within wooded natural and residential landscapes to examine how any observed differences in small mammal species composition may influence Ixodes scapularis Say burdens and the abundance of host-seeking ticks. Two years of live trapping showed that Eastern chipmunks, Tamias striatus, were captured with significantly greater frequency in some ...