Asian economic regionalism has emerged from a bottom-up process, driven by market forces in the absence of a grand plan for regional integration. While the financial crisis of 1997–98 triggered new regional cooperation initiatives, more recently several Asian political leaders have formulated proposals for the creation of a regional economic community, suggesting the possible start of a top-dow...

As the Asian economies have grown larger and become more complex, they have also become more integrated at both the regional and the subregional level. Yet although economic integration has increased, regionalism in the sense of economic cooperation at both the panAsian and subregional levels has lagged behind. Regionalism or economic cooperation in terms of bilateral or multilateral FTAs is a ...

The neoliberal international order is facing a variety of pressing obstacles. One the most contentious issues emergence new Asian regionalism, which has been driven by rising economic power region and integration based on Association Southeast Nations (ASEAN) Plus Six framework. legalization ASEAN way propelled New Regional Economic Order (NREO), reinforces trade-development nexus alternative t...

Since the creation and successful development of the European regional integration, a debate has existed on how regional institutions can contribute to the promotion and defense of democracy. Thus, a link between regionalism and democracy has been established. The extent to which regionalism and democracy are related and how regional institutions promote and defend democracy have been issues al...

This paper reviews the multiple forms of European continental regionalism, which takes the overall shape of a complex set of concentric circles, with a substructure of a core group within the EU based on the euro and Schengen areas, and several rings of neighbours outside, including the European Economic Area, the regions of the EU’s neighbourhood policy and finally some pan-European organisati...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are “strangers, friends, or foes” (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which covers most of world trade over the past 60 years and about 240 regional trade agreements, we analyze ...

The well-known question whether regional trade agreements (RTAs) and the multilateral trading system (MTS) are “strangers, friends, or foes” (Bhagwati and Panagariya, 1996) has gained new importance with the widespread proliferation of RTAs in recent years. Based on an extensive data set which covers most of world trade over the past 60 years and about 240 regional trade agreements, we analyze ...

in this article, thanks to phenomenological approach, an attempt is made to account the correlation between globalization and neo-regionalism. in the process, the finding of this scholar convinced him to reject antithetical correlation between the two. instead, he argues neo-regionalism is and ecopolitical current to adjust globalization. in the final analysis, it is argued both currents are re...

strategic coalition is a model for regional development and new regionalism. in this process, multinational corporation has basic role for economic partnership with national and regional countries. this trend have been for in formed free trade association situation. regional organizations and frameworks can help determine the perceived regional and global development. global framework activitie...