quantum-dot cellular automata (qca) is an emerging and promising technology that provides significant improvements over cmos. recently qca has been advocated as an applicant for implementing reversible circuits. however qca, like other nanotechnologies, suffers from a high fault rate. the main purpose of this paper is to develop a fault tolerant model of qca circuits by redundancy in hardware a...

In this paper, we show the redundancies of multiset topological spaces. It is proved that $(P^star(U),sqsubseteq)$ and $(Ds(varphi(U)),subseteq)$ are isomorphic. It follows that multiset topological spaces are superfluous and unnecessary in the theoretical view point.

this paper analyses and compares the performances of business-to-business e-commerce data quality and service quality among the use of the ‘push’ and ‘pull’ models. rosettanet’s original partner interface processes use the ‘push’ model which suffers from data redundancy when the volume of business-to-business transaction increases. however, when the ‘pull’ model is used, although it reduces dat...

in this paper, an efficient fault-tolerant routing algorithm for mobile ad-hoc networks (manets) is presented. the proposed algorithm increases the network fault-tolerance using natural redundancy of ad-hoc networks. this algorithm is carried out in two stages; 1) the selection of backup nodes 2) the selection of backup route(s). in the first stage, the proposed algorithm chooses nodes with the...