This paper summarizes the findings from two recent studies involving the physiological effects of atropine (0 to 4 mg, im) on soldiers performing physical exercise in hot-dry environments. Study I determined the threshold of physiological effects and the gradation of these effects with increasing dosage of atropine. Study II examined the effects of exercise-heat acclimation on the reduced physi...

a special type of silica-based columns has been recently introduced into the market which is called narrow-bore columns. they have lower internal volume than the standard high-performance liquid chromatography (hplc) columns and thus reduce the solvent consumption by almost 80%.    a simple, accurate and environmentally friendly reversed phase- hplc (rp-hplc method) which could be used in fast ...

propranolol, a prototypical b-adrenergic receptor antagonist and atenolol, a cardio-selective b-antagonist are widely used in therapeutic regimens for treatment of hypertensive patients. in iran, several pharmaceutical manufacturers formulate these two b-blockers. as the formulation of a dosage form is essential for the patient's safety and drug efficacy, in this study we aimed to evaluate...

Despite its unpopularity, the rectal route of paediatric drug administration remains interest especially in pre-school children as it can overcome some delivery challenges with oral and parenteral routes. Few studies have been conducted on use acceptability traditional dosage forms (i.e., suppositories, enemas gels) different parts world. It showed that barrier to adoption could be linked poor ...

Most common methods of delivery include the preferred topical (skin), transmucosal (nasal, buccal, sublingual, vaginal, ocular and rectal) inhalation routes. The conventional dosage forms provide drug release immediately it causes fluctuation level in blood depending upon form. Therefore to maintain concentration within therapeutically effective range needs novel system. In past few decades, co...

CONTEXT Cyclin D1 (CCND1) is a key cell cycle regulatory protein, the overexpression of which is often found in human tumors and is associated with cell proliferation and poor prognosis. A common adenine-to-guanine substitution polymorphism (A870G) in the CCND1 gene results in an altered messenger RNA transcript and a longer-life protein, which are preferentially encoded by the A allele. OBJE...

       Propranolol, a prototypical b-adrenergic receptor antagonist and atenolol, a cardio-selective b-antagonist are widely used in therapeutic regimens for treatment of hypertensive patients. In Iran, several pharmaceutical manufacturers formulate these two b-blockers. As the formulation of a dosage form is essential for the patient's safety and drug efficacy, in this study we aimed to evalu...

Rectal enemas that contain prophylactic levels of anti-HIV microbicides such as tenofovir have emerged as a promising dosage form to prevent sexually transmitted HIV infections. The enema vehicle is promising due to its likely ability to deliver a large amount of drug along the length of the rectal canal. Computational models of microbicide drug delivery by enemas can help their design process ...