Temperature changes at the Earth surface propagate into the subsurface and leave a thermal signature in the underlying soil and rock. Measurements of subsurface temperatures have been inverted to yield reconstructions of ground surface temperature (GST) histories that provide regional and global estimates of climatic changes. A principal question remaining in the interpretation of reconstructed...

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The twin-image problem in phase retrieval is characterized by the simultaneous occurrence of features from the original object and its inversion about the origin (twin image). This problem can occur in reconstructions for which the object support is centrosymmetric or loose, and in severe cases it can greatly hinder image quality. In this paper we examine this problem and find that it arises wh...

Two pixel-oriented methods for designing Fourier transform holograms--pseudorandom encoding and minimum-distance encoding-usually produce higher-fidelity reconstructions when combined than those produced by each method individually. In previous studies minimum-distance encoding was defined as the mapping from the desired complex value to the closest value produced by the modulator. This method ...

Understanding lithospheric plate motions is of paramount importance to geodynamicists. Much effort is going into kinematic reconstructions featuring progressively finer temporal resolution. However, the challenge of precisely identifying ocean-floor magnetic lineations, and uncertainties in geomagnetic reversal timescales result in substantial finite-rotations noise. Unless some type of tempora...