Sub-MeV solar neutrino experiments and long-baseline reactor oscillation experiments toe the cutting edge of neutrino research. The upcoming experiments KamLAND and BOREXINO, currently in their startup and final construction phase respectively, will provide essential information on neutrino properties as well as on solar physics. Future projects, at present under development, will measure the p...

The objective of this study was to evaluate staging and its effects on reactor performance in a compartmentalized bioreactor, designated the anaerobic migrating blanket reactor (AMBR). The AMBR was operated by reversing the flow several times per day, which allowed for substantial biomass migration without biomass accumulation in the final compartment. During reactor startup, the structures of ...

Slow proliferation of anammox bacteria is a major problem limiting the wider application of anammox technology in practical wastewater treatment. A novel anammox reactor packed with a Fe electrode was developed for enhancing anammox consortium activity and accelerating the startup of anammox process. After 125 days' operation, total nitrogen removal rate achieved 1209.6 mg N/L/d in this hybrid ...

Biological removal of reduced sulfur compounds in energy-rich gases is an increasingly adopted alternative to conventional physicochemical processes, because of economical and environmental benefits. A lab-scale biotrickling filter reactor for the treatment of high-H(2)S-loaded gases was developed and previously proven to effectively treat H(2)S concentrations up to 12,000 ppm(v) at gas contact...

The potential for efficient production of hydrogen-rich gas from hydrocarbon fuels using thermal plasmas has been investigated both analytically and experimentally. Thermodynamic analysis shows that the most efficient production of hydrogen from hydrocarbons can be achieved by partial oxidation (lambda = 0.25); at optimal conditions, the availability of the output fuel mixture is 83 percent of ...