The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of tert-butyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl isocyanide and cyclohexyl isocyanide to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 3-hydroxy pyridine to produce highly functionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good  yields

The reactive intermediate generated by the addition of tert-butyl and 1,1,3,3-tetramethyl butyl isocyanide and cyclohexyl isocyanide to dialkyl acetylenedicarboxylate was trapped by 3-hydroxy pyridine to produce highly functionalized 4H-chromenes in fairly good  yields.

In most ecosystems, nitrogen is a scarce and growth-limiting nutrient. Natural and anthropogenic processes convert unreactive atmospheric dinitrogen (N2) into reactive, bioavailable, nitrogen. This conversion occurs mainly through biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), industrial ammonia (NH3) synthesis, and oxidation of N2 into nitrogen oxides (NOx) during combustion of fossil fuels. The rate of ...

Ammonia is an essential compound to modern society, underpinning fertilizer production and chemical manufacturing. Global ammonia demand currently exceeds 150 million tons a year projected increase over 2% annually. Over 96% of generated through the Haber-Bosch (HB) process, in which steam-reformed hydrogen reacts with nitrogen under reaction conditions that consume 1–2% global energy contribut...

Nitric oxide (NO) and its derivatives (reactive nitrogen species) have multiple effects on mitochondria that impact on cell physiology and cell death. Mitochondria may produce and consume NO and NO stimulates mitochondrial biogenesis, apparently via cGMP upregulation of transcriptional factors. NO inhibits mitochondrial respiration via: (A) an acute and reversible inhibition of cytochrome oxida...

The hepatotoxicity of acetaminophen (APAP) occurs by initial metabolism to N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine which depletes GSH and forms APAP-protein adducts. Subsequently, the reactive nitrogen species peroxynitrite is formed from nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide leading to 3-nitrotyrosine in proteins. Toxicity occurs with inhibited mitochondrial function. We previously reported that in hepatocyt...

Recent studies suggest that human activities have accelerated the production and emissions of reactive nitrogen on a global scale. Increased nitrogen emissions may lead to environmental impacts including photochemical air pollution, reduced visibility, changes in biodiversity, and stratospheric ozone depletion. Emissions from agricultural activities, both crop and animal, are known to contain r...