Let G be a group. An endomorphism φ of G is called rational if there exist a1, . . . , ar ∈ G and h1, . . . , hr ∈ Z, such that φ(x) = (xa1)1 . . . (xar)r for all x ∈ G. We denote by Endr(G) the group of invertible rational endomorphisms of G. In this note, we prove that G is nilpotent of class c (c ≥ 3) if and only if Endr(G) is nilpotent of class c − 1. Mathematics Subject Classification: 20E...