Glutinous rice flour (GRF) and glutinous rice starch (GRS) were modified by dry-heat treatment and their rheological, thermal properties and freeze-thaw stability were evaluated. Compared with the native GRF and GRS, the water-holding ability of modified GRF and GRS were enhanced. Both the onset and peak temperatures of the modified samples increased while the endothermic enthalpy change decrea...

Exogenous growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF) has been shown to activate feeding by central mechanisms involving the suprachiasmatic nucleus/medial preoptic area (SCN/MPOA). Until now, however, the role played by endogenous GRF in the SCN/MPOA in naturally occurring eating has remained unknown. To investigate this, the effects of SCN/MPOA injections of GRF antiserum (AS-GRF) on feeding in rat...

 Suppose $f$ is a map from a non-empty finite set $X$ to a finite group $G$. Define the map $zeta^f_G: Glongrightarrow mathbb{N}cup {0}$ by $gmapsto |f^{-1}(g)|$. In this article, we show that for a suitable choice of $f$, the map $zeta^f_G$ is a character. We use our results to show that the solution function for the word equation $w(t_1,t_2,dots,t_n)=g$ ($gin G$) is a character, where $w(t_1,...

The Gibbs random field (GRF) has proved to be a simple and practical way of parameterizing the Markov random field, which has been widely used to model an image or image-related process in many image processing applications. In particular, the GRF can be employed to construct an efficient Bayesian estimation that often yields optimal results. We describe how the GRF can be efficiently incorpora...

Asymmetries in sagittal plane knee kinetics have been identified as a risk factor for anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) re-injury. Clinical tools are needed to identify the asymmetries. This study examined the relationships between knee kinetic asymmetries and ground reaction force (GRF) asymmetries during athletic tasks in adolescent patients following ACL reconstruction (ACL-R). Kinematic and ...

peptide that specifically stimulates both synthesis and secretion of pituitary GH [1]. GRF is released into the hypophyseal-portal vessels under control by a variety of neurotransmitters and neuropeptides. After reaching the pituitary, GRF binds to its specific receptors [1] on somatotrophs and generates bursts of GH secretion episodically [2]. Earlier ligand-binding and functional studies in r...

Forty-one primiparous beef heifers were used over 2 yr to evaluate the effect of prepartum administration of a growth hormone-releasing factor analog (GRF-A) or growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF(1-29)-NH2) on somatotropin (ST), insulin-like growth factor I (IGF-I), milk production, heifer BW, and postpartum (PP) return to ovarian activity. Beginning on d -11 +/- 1 from parturition, heifers w...

Ground reaction force (GRF) data from men and women are commonly pooled for analyses. However, it may not be justifiable to pool sexes on the basis of discrete parameters extracted from continuous GRF gait waveforms because this can miss continuous effects. Forty healthy participants (20 men and 20 women) walked at a cadence of 100 steps per minute across two force plates, recording GRFs. Two s...

In mammals, GRF and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are encoded in separate genes. We report here that in the salmon a 4.5-kilobase gene contains five exons that encode the biologically active part of the GRF-like peptide (amino acids 1-32) on exon 4 and PACAP on exon 5. Analysis of two fish messenger RNAs reveals that a long precursor containing GRF and PACAP and a s...