These comments are respectfully submitted both as to the Horizontal Merger Guidelines ("HMG") generally, and also to questions 1-10., 12-15. They show that as a litigation matter the current HMG must be replaced because they are dependent on the PNB presumption, which will be overruled under the Supreme Court's GTE Sylvania and later presumption cases, and that new merger guidelines (and antitr...

Biodiversity in rangelands is decreasing, due to intense utilization for livestock production and conversion of rangeland into cropland; yet the outlook of rangeland biodiversity has not been considered in view of future global demand for food. Here we assess the impact of future livestock production on the global rangelands area and their biodiversity. First we formalized existing knowledge ab...

the presence of nectar-and pollen- bearing plants as vegetative cover in rangelands can provide the ground for job opportunities in the context of beekeeping as an aspect of rangelands' multipurpose uses. beekeeping, as an approach, based upon indigenous knowledge, is suggested to create jobs, and to somehow compensate for the animal husbandry's diminishing income (the fall of income ...

The context in which a forest exists strongly influences its function and sustainability. Unveiling the multi-scale nature of forest fragmentation context is crucial to understand how human activities affect the spatial patterns of forests across a range of scales. However, this issue remains almost unexplored in subtropical ecosystems. In this study, we analyzed temporal changes (1979-2010) in...

Rangelands are the most common form of terrain WE PROPOSE A PARADIGM THAT in both the United States (where it accounts for 61% of all land surface) and the world (70% of all land surface). ENHANCES HETEROGENEITY Rangelands consist primarily of native plant communities managed, typically, for livestock production (Holechek et al. INSTEAD OF HOMOGENEITY TO PROMOTE 1998). Because they can embrace ...

(2021). Montane rangelands in a changing world. African Journal of Range & Forage Science: Vol. 38, Rangelands Changing World, pp. iii-vi.

Rangelands of China have for centuries provided forage for livestock but now their role in water, soil, and biodiversity conservation is being recognised by Governments and people. However, much of the rangelands has recently degraded anddesertification is nowawidespread problem.The cause of the degradation is over-grazing andover-cultivation. Climate change is exacerbating theproblem.TheChines...

In previous papers we have considered the optimal mix of biodiversity in semi-arid rangelands, focusing on the steady state. This paper addresses the question of conservation in the optimal use of rangelands, where conservation is understood to mean maintenance of the system in a ‘natural’ state. We consider a rangeland that may exist in one of two states. In the ‘natural’ state, its dynamics a...

The evaluation of vegetation covers using conventional methods is difficult over arid areas due to several reasons such as lack of the suitable roads to these regions. Moreover, this task is time-consuming. For these reasons, remote sensing has been considered as an economic alternative for conventional field work. In this study, the feasibility of using IRS images in vegetation cover evaluatio...

The objective of this research was to identify the vegetation-soil relationships in Nodushan arid rangelands of Yazd. 5 sites were selected for measuring the cover of plant species and soil attributes. Soil samples were taken in 0-10 and 10-80 cm layers. The species studied were Salsola tomentosa, Salsola arbuscula, Peganum harmala, Zygophylum eurypterum and Eurotia ceratoides. Canonical corres...