This study examined the willingness-to-pay (WTP) of consumers and determinants eco-labeling for organic cocoa powder produced in Dong Nai UNESCO Biosphere Reserve (DNBR), Southern Vietnam. Eco-labels are designed according to tiers biosphere reserves (BR) introduced by UNESCO; they include BR Destination (Tier 1), Quality 2), Professional Certification 3) labels. Questionnaires were delivered 2...

Urmia Lake (also known as Oroumieh Lake) is a shallow terminal lake located in northwest Iran and one of the largest permanent lakes in the Middle East. Due to its biodiversity it has been designated as a Biosphere Reserve by UNESCO and a National Park under the 1971 Ramsar Convention. At present, the entire lake’s watershed is threatened due to drought and abrupt decline of the lake’s water le...

For several decades, studies and conventions have highlighted the importance of ecosystem services provided by natural resources biodiversity for humanity need to move their management towards a sustainable model. Inthe United Nations 2030 Agenda Sustainable Development (2015), among its 17 Goals (SDGs), there isalsoSDG 15, “Life on Land”, specifically dedicated biodiversity, forests desertific...

The objective of the biosphere reserve program is to identify and protect representative and unique segments of the world's biotic provinces as major centers for biotic and genetic preservation, ecological and environmental research, education, and demonstration. It is intended to be more than simply another program of preservation layered onto existing parks and reserves. The success of the pr...

Since 2015, the new label of UNESCO Global Geoparks (UGGps) has been ratified by UNESCO, attracting more public attention. By 2021, there are 169 in 44 countries. Different from Biosphere Reserves and World Heritage Sites, UENSCO nascent projects that face various challenges. How to continuously enhance its impact future realize sustainable development attracted attention researchers. In this s...

Abstract Many regions of the world are facing mounting water stress as competition increases for this vital resource that may become scarcer under future climates. More is being allocated to our needs food, public supply, hydro-electric power and industrial goods support growing populations life-style expectations. To achieve this, less often retained water-dependent ecosystems. Environmental p...