At least seventeen different Fusarium spp. associated with head blight have been found worldwide. In India, Fusarium head blight occurs all along the wheat growing Himalayan belt up to a height of 1500 meters. Farmers in these areas depend on rainfed wheat for their household consumption and use it as a seed stock for the next season. Since the disease has appeared only occasionally so far, it ...

A large portion of the world’s poor farm in rainfed systems where the water supply is unpredictable and droughts are common. In Thailand there are approximately 6.2 million ha of rain fed lowland rice, which account for 67% of the country’s total rice-growing area. This rice system is often characterised by too much and too little water in the same season. Farmers’ estimates of their annual los...

Altieri, M.A., 1992. Sustainable agricultural development in Latin America: exploring the possibilities. Agric. Ecosystems Environ., 39:!-2 I. This paper concentrates on what are perceived as critical issues which should be addressed if a productive and sustainable agriculture is to be achieved in Latin America. The attainment of such an agriculture is dependent on new technological innovations...

Agricultural productivity levels depend on the adoption of (improved) agricultural technologies, among other aspects. However, the use of improved technologies in Mozambique is still very limited. Data from the National Agricultural Survey of 2012, known as Inquérito Agrícola Integrado, show that less than 3% of smallholder farmers used inorganic fertilizers, 6% used pesticides, 9% used improve...

In many low-income countries, agriculture is mostly rainfed and crop yield highly depends on climatic factors. Furthermore, farmers have little access to traditional crop insurance, which suffers from high information asymmetry and transaction costs. Insurances based on meteorological indices could fill this gap since they do not face such drawbacks. However full-scale implementation has been s...

Maize (Zea mays L) is the most important food grain in sub-Saharan Africa and is mostly grown by small-scale farmers under rainfed conditions. Aluminum toxicity caused by low pH is one of the abiotic factors limiting maize production among smallholder farmers. Therefore, breeding maize hybrids that are tolerant to aluminum toxicity will sustain and increase maize production in these areas. Henc...

Rainfed agriculture covers 80 percent of the World’s cropland and produces about 60 food grains. In India, 55 gross sown area accounts 40 production. Tamil Nadu, nearly 48 per cent is under rainfed cultivation which highly vulnerable to climate change therefore it requires appropriate adaptation strategies. The present study covering 180 sample households examine farmers perception on various r...

Changing dietary preferences and population growth in South Asia have resulted in increasing demand for wheat and maize, along side high and sustained demand for rice. In the highly productive northwestern Indo-Gangetic Plains of South Asia, farmers utilize groundwater irrigation to assure that at least two of these crops are sequenced on the same field within the same year. Such double croppin...

The role of urban agriculture in global food security is a topic of increasing discussion. Existing research on urban and peri-urban agriculture consists largely of case studies that frequently use disparate definitions of urban and peri-urban agriculture depending on the local context and study objectives. This lack of consistency makes quantification of the extent of this practice at the glob...