Gafchromic XRCT radiochromic film is a self-developing high sensitivity radiochromic film product which can be used for assessment of delivered radiation doses which could match applications such as computed tomography (CT) dosimetry. The film automatically changes color upon irradiation changing from amber to dark greenish-black depending on the level of exposure. The absorption spectra of Gaf...

PURPOSE Bombarding high-Z material with x-ray radiation releases Auger electrons and Coster-Kronig electrons, along with deeper penetrating fluorescent x-rays and photoelectrons. The Auger and Coster-Kronig electron penetration distance is on the order of nanometers to micrometers in water or tissue, creating a large dose enhancement accompanied by a RBE greater than 1 at the cellular level. Th...

The absorption spectra of the GAFCHROMIC XR type R radiochromic film measured with reflectance spectroscopy have been investigated in order to analyze the dosimetry characteristics of the film. Like the XR type T film, this film features two peaks in its absorption spectrum, approximately at 676 and 618 nm, whose intensities increase with increasing absorbed dose. When the main absorption peak ...

This paper uses Monte Carlo simulations to calculate the Spencer-Attix water/medium stopping-power ratios (sw, med) for the dosimetry of scanned proton pencil beams. It includes proton energies from 30 to 350 MeV and typical detection materials such as air (ionization chambers), radiochromic film, gadolinium oxysulfide (scintillating screens), silicon and lithium fluoride. Track-ends and partic...

BACKGROUND EBT and EBT3 radioChromic films have been used in radiotherapy dosimetry for years. OBJECTIVE The aim of the current study is to compare EBT and EBT3 radioChromic films in dosimetry of radiotherapy fields for treatment of parotid cancer. METHODS Calibrations of EBT and EBT3 films were performed with identical setups using a 6 MV photon beam of a Siemens Primus linac. Skin dose wa...

Accurate measurement and knowledge of dose delivered under eye shield during superficial X-ray radiotherapy is required for patient peripheral dose assessment. Critical structures can include the cornea, lens and retina. Measurement of dose under eye shields has been historically performed with Thermoluminescent Dosimeters (TLD's) due to their small size and design. Restrictions include the ene...

This work has been conducted to demonstrate a procedure for using a Konica Minolta computed radiography (CR) system for the measurement of computed tomography (CT) radiation profile width, and to compare this method with conventional and GAFCHROMIC XR-QA2 film measurements. The exposure and processing conditions of a Konica Minolta CR reader system were characterized to establish the relationsh...

This short note investigates the energy response characteristics of a relatively new high sensitivity radiochromic film (XR type T) and compares it to other radiochromic and radiographic films and thermoluminescent dosimeters. Results show that the energy response of the new XR type T film is relatively large over the range of therapeutic energies from 50 kVp superficial x-ray treatment to 18 M...

This note investigates the increase of the sensitivity of radiochromic film by layering the film together. Investigations with up to five layers of radiochromic film placed together as a single dosimeter have allowed accurate two-dimensional dosimetry at low radiotherapy doses. The sensitivity of the response of the layered film increases with the number of layers, with the five-layer dosimeter...