Nori NAKAMURA, Chuzo MIYAZAWA, Shozo SAWADA, Mitoshi AKIYAMA, A. A. AWA Department of Genetics and Department of Radiobiology, Radiation Effects Research Foundation, 5-2 Hijiyama Park, Minami-ku, Hiroshima 732, Japan, Department of Chemistry, Ohu University School of Dentistry, 31-1 Aza-Misumido, Tomita-machi, Koriyama 963, Japan, Department of Radiobiology, Research Institute for Radiation Bio...

The use of radiation in therapy of cancer and diagnosis of other diseases has been practised since the discovery of X-ray. Radiotherapy of cancer was founded on the simple observation that radiations can kill tumour cells. As the science of radiobiology developed, some of its concepts were slowly incorporated in the therapeutic use of radiations, and this led to improve patient treatment. Howev...

Recent advances in the field of radiation biology have increased our knowledge of cellular responses to radiation and microenvironmental disseminations through radiation at molecular level.

The unique feature of the space radiation environment is the dominance of high-energy charged particles (HZE or high LET radiation) emitted by the Sun and galactic sources, or trapped in the Van Allen radiation belts. These charged particles present a significant hazard to space flight crews, and accelerator-based experiments are underway to quantify the health risks due to unavoidable radiatio...

Therapy of glioblastoma has been very problematic with disappointing results using multiple therapeutic approaches. In general, glioblastomas are considered radioresistant tumors with different radiation modalities failing to control them in the clinic. However a comprehensive and detailed analysis of the radiosensitivity of glioblastoma cells has not been performed. We now present such an anal...

Tissue effects of radiation exposure are observed in virtually all normal tissues, with interactions when several organs are involved. Early reactions occur in turnover tissues, where proliferative impairment results in hypoplasia; late reactions, based on combined parenchymal, vascular, and connective tissue changes, result in loss of function within the exposed volume; consequential late effe...

The expression of survival factors for radiation damaged cells is based on probabilistic assumptions and experimentally fitted for each tumor, radiation and conditions. Here we show how the simplest of these radiobiological models can be derived from the maximum entropy principle of the classical Boltzmann-Gibbs expression. We extend this derivation using the Tsallis entropy and a cutoff hypoth...