Radioactive contamination is the result of regular operation of nuclear power plants, leakage or accident during the production, or use of radionuclides (radioisotopes). They occur throughout the nuclear fuel cycle and continue to give off harmful radioactive particles and rays for very protracted periods. Radioactive elements can contaminate water adversely affecting human health as well as aq...

The Great East Japan Earthquake on 11 March 2011, caused the release of radioactive materials from the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant (FDNPP), contaminating eastern Japan, particularly in part of Fukushima Prefecture. In 2012 and 2014, the radiocaesium concentration in brown rice did not exceed regulatory levels in Minamisoma City, Fukushima. However, in 2013, some radiocaesium concentra...

Automatic measurement of radioactivity is necessary for considering cost effectiveness in final radiological survey of building structures in decommissioning nuclear facilities. The RAPID (radiation measuring pilot device for surface contamination) was developed to be applied to automatic measurement of low level contamination on concrete surfaces. The RAPID has a capability to measure contamin...

Recent world events have increased concern that hospitals must be prepared for radiological emergencies. Emergency departments (EDs) must be ready to treat patients suffering from injuries in combination with radiation exposure or contamination with radioactive material. Every hospital should have a Radiological Emergency Medical Response Plan, tested through periodic drills, which will allow e...

Although there are a number of reports concerning the uptake of various radioactive nuclides from surrounding water by aquatic organisms1), the quantitative informations on the transfer of radioactive substances through aquatic food chains have been scarcely obtained until now. In near future, in accordance with the rapid developement of the peaceful utilization of atomic energy in Japan, the p...

The investigation was designed to determine the comparative value of certain washing agents in removing radioactive contamination from wQrkers' hands, and was carried out at a production factory processing radioactive materials. Where radioactive materials are handled cleanliness of the hands is of vital importance for the protection of the employee and for the manufacture of a product of extre...

The investigation was designed to determine the comparative value of certain washing agents in removing radioactive contamination from wQrkers' hands, and was carried out at a production factory processing radioactive materials. Where radioactive materials are handled cleanliness of the hands is of vital importance for the protection of the employee and for the manufacture of a product of extre...

Contamination with radiopharmaceuticals in nuclear medicine centers in addition to being a health concern requires time-consuming decontamination efforts. According to NRC (Nuclear Regulatory Commission) contamination should be monitored in nuclear medicine centers where radiopharmaceuticals are prepared and administrated at the end of each working session; otherwise, contamination spread...