PURPOSE In this article, we evaluate a plastic scintillation detector system for quality assurance in proton therapy using a BC-408 plastic scintillator, a commercial camera, and a computer. METHODS The basic characteristics of the system were assessed in a series of proton irradiations. The reproducibility and response to changes of dose, dose-rate, and proton energy were determined. Photogr...

The suppression of hadron pT spectra in high energy central heavy-ion collisions compared to proton-proton collisions, referred to as ’jet-quenching’, is currently attributed to partonic energy loss in the hot medium created in the collision. The RHIC experiments show that at large enough pT , hadron quenching is strong, and of similar magnitude for light and heavy flavours. This point is diffi...

A systematic expansion in opacity, L/lambda, is used to clarify the nonlinear behavior of induced gluon radiation in quark-gluon plasmas. The inclusive differential gluon distribution is calculated up to second order in opacity and compared to the zeroth order (factorization) limit. The opacity expansion makes it possible to take finite kinematic constraints into account that suppress jet quenc...

The thermal radiation from small, laser heated, positively charged niobium clusters has been measured. The emitted power was determined by the quenching effect on the metastable decay, employing two different experimental protocols. The radiative power decreases slightly with cluster size and shows no strong size-to-size variations. The magnitude is 40-50 keV/s at the timescale of several micro...

The QCD matter produced in nuclear collisions at the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) has been found to have a very low shear viscosity, which is close to the lower bound allowed by unitarity. The matter has also been found to strongly suppress the emission of energetic hadrons. This phenomenon, called “jet quenching” is interpreted to be the result of a large energy loss by the precursor...

With nanosecond radiative lifetimes, quenching dominates over enhancement for conventional fluorescence emitters near metal interfaces. We explore the fundamentally distinct behavior of photoluminescence (PL) with few-femtosecond radiative lifetimes of a coupled plasmonic emitter. Controlling the emitter-surface distance with subnanometer precision by combining atomic force and scanning tunneli...

The apparent universality of jet quenching observed in heavy ion collisions at RHIC for light and heavy quarks, as well as for quarks and gluons, is very puzzling and calls for a theoretical explanation. Recently it has been proposed that the synchrotron–like radiation at strong coupling gives rise to a universal bound on the energy of a parton escaping from the medium. Since this bound appears...

The crystallin family of proteins are the dominant protein in the eye lens. Crystallin proteins can be found in monomeric, dimeric, and oligomeric forms; and each form has varying functions. One well studied property of the monomeric form, γ-Crystallin, is that upon absorbance of UV-range radiation, the acquired energy is subsequently dissipated in a non-radiative fashion – a mechanism referred...

Jet quenching studies play a prominent role in our current understanding of ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. In this review I first present the available formalism to compute medium-induced gluon radiation. Then I discuss its effect on single particle spectra, with dedicated attention to the case of the radiating parton being a massive quark. Next I examine more differential observables ...