The fundamental phenomenological equations of radiative transfer, e.g., Lambert's cosine rule and the radiant transport equation, are derived from an analysis based on the Cauchy flux theory of continuum mechanics. For the classical case, where the radiance is distributed regularly over the unit sphere, it is shown that Lambert's rule follows from a balance law for the transfer of radiative pow...

The current study involves developing a three-dimensional transient finite element (FE) model to evaluate the thermal performance of an attic radiant barrier system (ARBS) as an energy efficient technology. The heat transfer modes of convection, radiation, and conduction were considered in the FE model. The results from the FE analysis were then validated based on hourly experimental data colle...

In this paper, we study the properties of Gerstewitz nonlinear scalar functional with respect to coradiant set and radiant in real linear space. With help nonconvex separation theorem co-radiant set, first obtain that is a special co-radiant(radiant) when corresponding set. Based on subadditivity property convex calculate its Fenchel(approximate) subdifferential. As applications, derive optimal...

Precise knowledge of the angle between the meteor vector velocity and the radar beam axis is one of the largest source of errors in the Arecibo Observatory (AO) microme-teor observations. In this paper we study ∼250 high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) meteor head-echoes obtained using the dual-beam 430 MHz AO Radar in Puerto Rico, in or-5 der to reveal the distribution of this angle. All of these ...

We report direct experimental evidence of the collective super-radiant mode in Bragg structure containing 60 InAs monolayer-based quantum wells (QWs) periodically arranged in GaAs matrix. Time-resolved photoluminescence measurements reveal an appearance of the additional super-radiant mode, originated from coherent collective interaction of QWs. This mode demonstrates a super-linear dependence ...

We have measured the radiant of the Leonids meteor storm in November 2001 by using new observational and analysis techniques. The radiant was measured as the intersections of lines which were detected and extrapolated from images obtained at a single observing site (Akeno Observatory, Japan). The images were obtained by two sets of telephoto lenses equipped with cooled CCD cameras. The measured...

Ophthalmology Series. (Pp 321, Figs 167, Tables 41. £25.00). London: Bailliere Tindall, 1980. THIS well presented and well organised book discusses the known and potential effects and hazards of radiant energy on the eye. It admirably correlates current scientific knowledge concerning radiant erergy with its biological effects on ocular structures and documents the various mechanisms whereby v;...

Ophthalmology Series. (Pp 321, Figs 167, Tables 41. £25.00). London: Bailliere Tindall, 1980. THIS well presented and well organised book discusses the known and potential effects and hazards of radiant energy on the eye. It admirably correlates current scientific knowledge concerning radiant erergy with its biological effects on ocular structures and documents the various mechanisms whereby v;...

A method is presented for decreasing radiant exposures required for photocoagulation of cutaneous blood vessels using a hyperosmotic agent applied to skin prior to laser irradiation. The 50% probability for a given radiant exposure (RE50) to result in photocoagulation of vessels classified by type (arteriole, venule) and diameter was determined following direct (subcutaneous) laser irradiation ...