BACKGROUND The reduction of stroke volume (SV) during hemorrhage reflects the degree of blood loss, but accurate assessment of SV in bleeding patients in the field currently is not possible. In a previous pilot study, we reported that arterial pulse pressure and estimated sympathetic nerve activity (SNA) in trauma patients who died of hemorrhagic injuries was significantly lower than that obser...

Figure 3: Spiral-In and Spiral-Out raw images in a human brain (24cm x 24cm, a-c) and cylindrical phantom placed perpendicular to B0 (6cm x 6cm, d-f). The various TEs are a) Spiral-Out 18ms, b) Spiral-In 30ms, c) Spiral-In 42ms, d) Spiral-Out 7.4ms, e) SpiralIn 30ms and f) Spiral-In 52.6ms. Figure 1: R2* map of cylindrical phantom filled with tubes containing materials with varying R2* (arrow i...

Mapping forest AGB (Above Ground Biomass) is of crucial importance to estimate the carbon emissions associated with tropical deforestation. This study proposes a method to overcome the saturation at high AGB values of existing AGB map (Vieilledent’s AGB map) by using a map of correction factors generated from GLAS (Geoscience Laser Altimeter System) spaceborne LiDAR data. The Vieilledent’s AGB ...

Both boundary maps in K-theory are expressed in terms of surjections from projective C∗-algebras to semiprojective C∗-algebras. 1. Noncommutative Cells and Boundaries Cells are absolute retracts that tie together spheres of different dimensions. The analog of an absolute retract for a C-algebra is being projective. For better or worse, in the category of all C-algebras, we lose the projectivity...

preparation of the topographic factor (ls) map in rusle model is a very tedious step because of the complicated effects of topography on soil loss. the objective of this study was to determine the suitable cell size of digital elevation model (dem) for computing ls factor by the method of moore and wilson (1992) in a 5326 ha area, northwest of tehran province. towards this end, cell sizes of 30...

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE A novel quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) processing technology has been developed to map tissue susceptibility property without blooming artifacts. We hypothesize that hematoma volume measurement on QSM is independent of imaging parameters, eliminating its echo time dependence on gradient echo MRI. METHODS Gradient echo MRI of 16 patients with intracerebral hem...

INTRODUCTION Accurate R2* measurements are critical for many quantitative imaging applications. R2* is estimated via mono-exponential fitting of signal decay within a series of gradient echo (GRE) images sampled at increasing TE. Root-sum-of-square (RSS) remains the most common approach to combine surface coil array images at each TE prior to the data fitting procedure. Rapid signal decay can r...

soil erosion models are useful tools to predict runoff, sediment and soil erosion in watersheds. although, the swat model is used for evaluating runoff discharge and the long-term effects of management operation on water, sediment and agricultural chemical yields in the large watersheds, in this research, its efficiency was investigated in monthly runoff simulation for tuyserkan watershed (with...

Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a well-established imaging modality to evaluate increased iron deposition in the liver. Both standard liver imaging series with in-phase and out-of-phase T1-weighted sequences for visual detection, as well as advanced T2- and T2*-weighted measurements may be used for mapping the iron concentration. In this article, we describe different forms of liver iron ac...

This paper studies the behavior under iteration of the maps Tab(x, y) = (Fab(x) − y, x) of the plane R2, in which Fab(x) = ax if x ≥ 0 and bx if x < 0. The orbits under iteration correspond to solutions of the difference equation xn+2 = 1/2(a−b)|xn+1|+1/2(a+b)xn+1−xn. This family of piecewise-linear maps of the plane has the parameter space (a, b) ∈ R2. These maps are area-preserving homeomorph...