in the last century, neural stem cells are used in a lot of studies for basic and therapeutic investigations. several sources are identified for neural stem cells including embryonic, fetal and adult stem cells. although most of studies have focused in embryonic as well as fetal cells due to their capacity to generate progenies, these cells have some problems such as immunological, availability...

Waves in chemically excitable systems can refract when impinging on an interface between regions of different reaction kinetics and/or diffusion constants. Here we study this process using the thin reaction-zone limit wherein the dynamics of the system can be reduced to the tracking of the boundaries between quiescent and excited regions. We show how to derive an integrodifferential equation fo...

Epithelial cell lines were established from the transition and peripheral zones of human prostate by transduction with cdk4 and hTERT. The properties of these lines were investigated using immunocytochemical markers, ability to generate anchorage-independent colonies and by spectral karyotyping (SKY). Cells were exposed to fractionated doses of gamma irradiation to investigate their ability to ...

Introduction As a tumor grows, the demand for oxygen and nutrients increases and it grows further if acquires the ability to induce angiogenesis. In this study, we aimed to present a two-dimensional continuous mathematical model for avascular tumor growth, coupled with a discrete model of angiogenesis. Materials and Methods In the avascular growth model, tumor is considered as a single mass, wh...

Introduction Peripheral T cells in rats differ in their expression of the membrane determinants CD4, CD8, QCA-1, CD45R, RT6 and Thy-1 [l-51. So combining these markers makes it possible to identify a large number of phenotypically different subsets of peripheral T cells. The lineage relationships between these subsets are unknown. The presence or absence of CD4, CD8, CD45R or RT6 expression hav...