We present a graph-theoretic model of discourse based on the Questions Under Discussion (QUD) framework. Questions and assertions are treated as edges connecting discourse states in a rooted graph, modeling the introduction and resolution of various QUDs as paths through this graph. The amount of common ground presupposed by interlocutors at any given point in a discourse corresponds to graphic...

OBJECTIVES We aimed to determine the prevalence and correlates of obesity and hypertension (HTN) among students at a central university in the West Bank. MATERIALS AND METHODS This cross-sectional study targeted a cohort of 553 students (59.5% males, 40.5% females) aged 17-26 years (median = 21) from Al-Quds University. Body mass index (BMI) and blood pressure (BP) were measured. Participants...

The reverse osmosis (RO) brine generated from the Al-Quds University wastewater treatment plant was treated using an epuvalisation system. The advanced integrated wastewater treatment plant included an activated sludge unit, two consecutive ultrafiltration (UF) membrane filters (20 kD and 100 kD cutoffs) followed by an activated carbon filter and a reverse osmosis membrane. The epuvalisation sy...

The dominant stream of political geography research links ethnic or racial marginalization and class-based resulting from gentrification processes. This study presents a new phenomenon “minority gentrification:” led by Arab entrepreneurs business owners in the city Acre which challenges narrative emphasizes complexity relationship between class ethnonational identity. Based on qualitative metho...

In natural language conversations, speakers often communicate ‘if and only if’ when they say ‘if’. The reasons why in some circumstances, yet not all, conditionals receive a biconditional interpretation remain under investigation. Von Fintel (2001) proposed an account where the of conditional (“if p, then q”) is predicted to depend on focus conversation which may either lie conditions that make...