Climate change and the heat island effect in urban centres are turning open spaces unwelcoming for individuals during summer months, especially due to lack of thermal conditioning outdoor public spaces. Adapting cities their streets future is a key factor ensure, at least, liveability space. This exploited by Cartuja QANAT Project where passive cooling techniques combined with innovative system...

The Persian Qanats, ancient underground aqueduct systems that have provided irrigation water to arid regions in Iran for over 3000 years, are recognized as a vital element of the country’s cultural heritage. Eleven these impressive structures been included on UNESCO World Heritage List, underlining their cultural, social, political, and physical significance. As heritage sites offer unique oppo...

Among the techniques for capturing nearby groundwater, covered horizontal well (draining gallery) stands out in its different types of water mine, qanat, and cimbre. The collected by these means is used to supply people livestock, irrigation, movement hydraulic devices, etc. Because they are carried surface gravity (without need energy) because only recharging groundwater table that takes place...

Background: The development of toxicity tests regarding toxic responses of different fish species could be more effectively used in predictive toxicology and risk assessment. In this study lethal concentrations (LC50-96 h) values of copper sulphate; an important toxic industrial pollutant, on Capoeta fusca were determined. Behavioral changes at different concentrations of CuSO4 were determined ...

ground penetrating radar (gpr) method as a high resolution non-destructive geophysical method is used for detection of shallow subsurface targets. this method is based on the transmission of electromagnetic waves inside the earth and recording the reflected waves from the subsurface. as the method uses high-frequency electromagnetic waves in the frequency ranges of 12.5 to 2500 mhz (called gpr ...