calligraphy, as a prominent art incorporated into persian and islamic architecture, supplys messages and brings beauty to the eyes of the beholder. the most important messages in architecture are directly expressed by inscriptions. different types of inscriptions are shaped in the form of mosaic works, multiple painted patterns, tiles, bricks or plaster techniques. although in qajar period trad...

This paper aims to scrutinize the identity layers in artworks of Qajar era. Identity art has different and each layer depends on aspects. Era is one culturally productive periods Iran. It also had widespread relations with West matters. Thus several culture can be seen this period. The research tries answer question: what are their priorities found Lithographed Manuscripts religious themes Era?...

the basic aim of this research is, to explain the nature of iran educational system from its modernization time till now. accessing this, historical analysis method was used. results show that basic characteristics in iran educational system are: imitating, militarism authority and religious orientation; that every one of them is an outcome arising from the streams that had important roles to e...

local historiography in iran, precedence of which can be traced back to the iranian pre-islamic era, saw a golden age of quantitative and qualitative growth under the qajar dynasty.hence,most of our country's cities and rigions possessed at least one local history.after examining some fifty printed works on local histories of the qajarid period, it has been studied in the article the characteri...

Abstract This article introduces Julius Heise’s Marche Triomphale which reveals a history that was eliminated during the nineteenth century race theory publications. Beginning with an account of Iranians’ encounters European military music, this provides brief Iranian bands in style, or muzikānchiān . It then addresses racial motivations behind short on music 1885 by Victor Advielle, French adm...

nameh-ye_khosravan is a work of jalal al-din mirza, son of fath ali shah qajar, which was written during the reign of naser al-din shah qajar. in accordance to this era’s way of thinking, the illustrated manuscript of the nameh-ye khosravan is characteristically written in persian script, the arabic words and vocabularies are removed from it and the kings of the pre-islamic era of iran are illu...