Abstract   Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the significance of the Q   angle with respect to the patella position. We assess the correlation between the Q angles (calculated by clinical exam) in different positions and CT indices (with more   impression on TTTG).   Method: Atotal number of 68 knee joints of 50 cases entered the study. Clinical   examination was used to m...

Let P and Q be two probability distributions which differ only for values with probability at least p > 0. We show that the variational distance δ(Pn, Qn) between the n-fold product distributions Pn and Qn is upper bounded by √ n/(2p) δ(P,Q), i.e., it cannot grow faster than the square root of n. 1 Preliminaries Let P be a probability distribution with range Z and let n ∈ N. We denote by Pn the...

Let Γ denote a bipartite Q-polynomial distance-regular graph with vertex set X, diameter d ≥ 3 and valency k ≥ 3. Let RX denote the vector space over R consisting of column vectors with entries in R and rows indexed by X. For z ∈ X, let ẑ denote the vector in RX with a 1 in the z-coordinate, and 0 in all other coordinates. Fix x, y ∈ X such that ∂(x, y) = 2, where ∂ denotes path-length distance...

where α and β range over all continuous non-decreasing functions with α(0) = β(0) = 0 and α(1) = β(1) = 1, and d′ is a distance metric between points. The functions α and β are also refereed to as reparametrizations. We call (α, β) a matching between P and Q. The Fréchet distance is described intuitively by a man walking a dog on a leash. The man follows a curve (path), and the dog follows anot...

The Fermat-Weber center of a planar body Q is a point in the plane from which the average distance to the points in Q is minimal. We first show that for any convex body Q in the plane, the average distance from the Fermat-Weber center of Q to the points of Q is larger than 16 · ∆(Q), where ∆(Q) is the diameter of Q. This proves a conjecture of Carmi, HarPeled and Katz. From the other direction,...

This article presents design principles and practical steps for web-based Q methodology surveys. Drawing on the experience of two online studies, we discuss theoretical concerns, sort survey design, software programs, issues in researcher–participant engagement. We argue that opening to modes data collection is important capture greater diversity social perspectives geographies.