Pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare but usually lethal disease. We report a full-term male neonate who presented with respiratory failure immediately after birth. Chest X-ray revealed a small lung volume despite advanced ventilator support. Respiratory failure persisted and this baby died at 40.5 hours of age. The autopsy showed a lung-to-birth weight ratio of 0.69% and a radial alveoli count of 2.9...

Pulmonary hypoplasia(PH) commonly occurs in association with oligohydramnios and other congenital anomalies, especially congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Pulmonary hypoplasia is an important factor, as persistent pulmonary hypertension, in the prognosis of CDH. In some reports, there is a decrement of pulmonary surfactant in PH accompanying CDH. Recently, there are some reports that exogen...

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) is a simple diaphragmatic defect that is seen frequently in antenatal scans. Though the surgical repair is relatively easy in the neonate, the mortality is high due to pulmonary hypoplasia and pulmonary vascular changes. Materials and Methods: The goals of prenatal imaging are to establish the diagnosis. Assessment in a tertiary scanning center ...

Renal hypoplasia refers to a congenitally small kidney where there is essentially normal residual parenchyma but smaller calyces, lobules, and papillae. This anomaly can be divided into two broad groups: complete (global) renal hypoplasia and segmental renal hypoplasia. In this study, a 3 days-old simmental calf was diagnosed with renal hypoplasia and unreconstructed exstrophic bladder. It pres...