This study focuses on the spatiotemporal dynamics of land use and cover (LULC) in Tselinograd district, which is a peri-urban area (PUA) metropolis Nur-Sultan. The analysis LULC PUA was carried out based supervised classification twenty-year interval (1998, 2008, 2018). During period, noticeable changes occurred structure LULC. At border with city, built-up increased dramatically. In arable for...

Nucleotide-binding domain and leucine-rich repeat containing (NLR) family are intracellular sentinels of cytosolic homeostasis that orchestrate immune and inflammatory responses in infectious and immune-mediated diseases. NLRX1 is a mitochondrial-associated NOD-like receptor involved in the modulation of immune and metabolic responses. This study utilizes molecular docking approaches to investi...

In this paper, the coupled mode theory is used to analyze apodized fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs). Since the profile of gratings varies with the propagation distance, the coupled mode equations (CMEs) of apodized FBGs are solved by the fourth-order Runge-Kutta method (RKM) and piecewise-uniform approach (PUA). We present two discretization techniques of PUA to analyze the apodization profile of gr...

Due to the introduction of newer technologies like Long Term Evolution (LTE) in already deployed cellular access networks, changes in the energy-efficiency of networks consisting predominantly of macro base station sites (BSSs) can be expected. An investigation has been performed for two prominent energy metrics of cellular networks: Power per Unit Area (PUA) and Energy per bit and Unit Area (E...

This paper develops a noncooperative game framework towards optimizing optical signal-to-noise ratio (OSNR) in the presence of link capacity constraints. In optical wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM) networks, all wavelength-multiplexed channels share the optical fiber. In order to limit the nonlinear effects, the total power launched into the fiber has to be below the nonlinearity threshol...

Diatoms are unicellular algae of crucial importance as they belong to the main primary producers in aquatic ecosystems. Several diatom species produce polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs) that have been made responsible for chemically mediated interactions in the plankton. PUA-effects include chemical defense by reducing the reproductive success of grazing copepods, allelochemical activity by inter...

To provide insight into pharmacological treatment of hyperuricemia we developed a semi-mechanistic, dynamical model of uric acid (UA) disposition in human. Our model represents the hyperuricemic state in terms of production of UA (rate, PUA), its renal filtration (glomerular filtration rate, GFR) and proximal tubular reabsorption (fractional excretion coefficient, FE). Model parameters were est...

PURPOSE We evaluated the preoperative clinical factors that affect the surgical outcome of posterior urethral anastomosis (PUA) with a gracilis muscle flap (GMF) to determine which factors predict benefit from the use of the GMF. MATERIALS AND METHODS This was a retrospective analysis of 49 patients who underwent a delayed PUA with a GMF. A successful clinical outcome was defined as achieving...

A method is developed to obtain a complete set of inequivalent factor systems of PUA-representations of a group with a subgroup of index two from the factor systems of this subgroup.

OBJECTIVE The present study tested the hypothesis that gestational hypoxia up-regulates protein kinase C (PKC) and inhibits calcium-activated potassium channels (KCa)-mediated relaxations of uterine arteries in pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN Uterine arteries were isolated from nonpregnant (NPUA) and pregnant (PUA) (~140 day gestation) sheep maintained at either sea level or high altitude (3,820 m fo...